Audience page
International student scams
International student scams usually combine multiple forms of pressure at once: immigration urgency, school identity, job scarcity, and housing deadlines. This page focuses on scams where that cross-border uncertainty is part of the manipulation.
Common searches
Why this audience gets targeted
- International students often manage immigration, housing, employment, and identity steps at the same time.
- Scammers use official-sounding school, embassy, and visa language because victims may not know the local process well yet.
- Cross-border urgency makes fake deadlines, fees, and sponsorship stories much harder to evaluate calmly.
What to check first
- Verify visa, school, and scholarship requests through the official institution or government site directly.
- Treat sponsorship fees, embassy payment requests, and urgent housing deposits as suspicious until independently confirmed.
- Keep copies of permits, offer letters, and chat threads before reporting a cross-border scam.
AI voice clone family emergency scam
A caller sounds exactly like a family member in distress and pressures the victim to send money immediately before verifying the story.
Hang up and call the family member back directly using a known number.
Parents
U.S.
Marketplace payment reversal scam
A buyer on a marketplace uses fake payment confirmation, overpayment stories, or refund pressure to get goods without completing a legitimate payment.
Only trust the actual payment app or bank balance, not screenshots.
Casual sellers
U.S.
QR code parking sticker scam
A fake QR code sticker is placed on a real parking meter or payment point so the victim lands on a fraudulent payment page.
Inspect the code physically before scanning.
Drivers
U.S.
SIM swap account takeover scam
A criminal takes over a target's phone number through carrier manipulation and then resets passwords, intercepts OTPs, and drains financial or social accounts.
Set a carrier account PIN.
Professionals
U.S.
Tax refund verification phishing scam
A fake refund or filing problem message pressures the victim to verify tax identity through a counterfeit government portal.
Go directly to the tax authority website instead of using message links.
Tax filers
U.S.
AI school injury parent call scam
A caller with a child's cloned voice says there has been a school injury and demands immediate payment before the parent verifies the story.
Call the school or student directly using a known number before taking any action.
Parents
U.S.
AI police bail demand scam
A victim hears a distressed relative followed by a fake officer who demands bail money through wire transfer or gift cards.
Call the relative or local precinct directly using a public number.
Grandparents
U.S.
Interview task equipment cheque scam
A fake employer sends a cheque for equipment during the interview stage and asks the candidate to forward part of the money to a vendor.
Do not deposit employer cheques tied to urgent vendor payments.
Students
U.S.
Visa sponsorship placement fee scam
An overseas role promises fast visa sponsorship but asks for processing, embassy, or medical coordination fees upfront.
Check the employer and visa process through official immigration channels before paying.
Migrant job seekers
Global
Mystery shopper training check scam
A mystery shopper role sends a large check and instructs the new hire to buy gift cards or evaluate money transfer services.
Void the check and stop communicating if a job asks you to purchase gift cards.
Part-time workers
U.S.
Tax agency refund text link scam
A text says a refund or filing issue needs immediate identity confirmation through a mobile link.
Use the tax authority's official website instead of the text.
Tax filers
U.S.
Utility disconnection warning text scam
A text says electricity or gas will be disconnected within hours unless a payment is made through a mobile link.
Contact the utility using the number on your statement.
Households
U.S.
Immigration case payment scam
A fake immigration officer says there is a problem with your file and demands immediate payment or documents.
Contact the immigration agency through its official website or lawyer.
Immigrants
U.S.
Airport parking fine text scam
A traveler gets a text about an unpaid airport parking fee or violation and is pushed to resolve it through a rushed mobile checkout page.
Check airport parking or municipal fines from the public website only.
Travelers
U.S.
Visa processing agent scam
A traveler or student is told a visa application can be accelerated if they pay a private agent through chat or an unofficial portal.
Use only official government visa channels or verified legal advisers for application steps.
International students
Global
Tax warrant crypto payment scam
A caller says a tax warrant or filing violation will trigger arrest unless the victim pays immediately in crypto or gift cards.
End the call and contact the tax authority from its official website or mailed notice.
Households
U.S.
Student visa deadline penalty scam
A student is told there is a deadline or filing defect in their visa record and must pay a penalty or share documents immediately.
Verify any visa or study permit notice from the official immigration portal only.
International students
Canada
dropshipping extreme markup scam
Stores resell cheap items from wholesale marketplaces at extreme markups, often 5-10x the original price, while advertising them as exclusive or premium products.
Use reverse image search on product photos before purchasing from unfamiliar stores
Online shoppers
U.S.
bait-and-switch product listing scam
Sellers advertise one product with attractive photos and descriptions, then ship a completely different, inferior item and refuse returns.
Document the difference between the advertised and received product with photos
Online shoppers
U.S.
fake refund overpayment shopping scam
Scammers posing as sellers or customer support claim they accidentally refunded too much and ask victims to return the difference, but the original refund was fake.
Never send money to anyone claiming an accidental overpayment without verifying through your bank directly
Online shoppers
U.S.
TikTok shop too-good-to-be-true pricing scam
Products advertised on TikTok at unbelievably low prices turn out to be scams, with sellers collecting payment and shipping nothing or sending worthless items.
Research the seller and product independently before purchasing from social media ads
Young adults
U.S.
Facebook Marketplace non-delivery scam
Sellers on Facebook Marketplace list popular items at attractive prices, collect payment through non-reversible methods, and never ship the goods.
Use Facebook's built-in checkout and shipping protection for all Marketplace transactions
Online shoppers
U.S.
fake virus popup alert scam
Alarming browser popups claim your computer is infected and urge you to call a fake tech support number, leading to remote access exploitation and payment demands.
Force-close the browser using Task Manager or Activity Monitor without calling any number
Older adults
U.S.
cold call tech support scam
Scammers call victims unprompted, claiming to be from a major tech company, and warn of a fictitious security issue to gain remote access or extract payment.
Hang up immediately as legitimate tech companies never make unsolicited support calls
Older adults
U.S.
Microsoft impersonator tech support scam
Scammers impersonate Microsoft support via calls, emails, or popups, claiming your Windows license or account is compromised and demanding payment or remote access.
Microsoft never makes unsolicited tech support calls or sends unsolicited security warnings with phone numbers
Windows users
U.S.
Apple impersonator tech support scam
Scammers pose as Apple Support via calls or emails, claiming your Apple ID is compromised or your iCloud account has been breached, to steal credentials or money.
Apple never calls you unsolicited to ask for your password or verification codes
Apple users
U.S.
tech support refund overpayment scam
Scammers claim you are owed a refund for a tech support subscription, then pretend to accidentally deposit too much and ask you to return the difference.
Never allow remote access to process a refund as legitimate companies do not operate this way
Older adults
U.S.
screen-sharing bank access trap scam
Scammers use screen-sharing during fake tech support sessions to watch victims log into bank accounts, then take control to transfer money.
Never log into financial accounts during any screen-sharing session initiated by an incoming caller
Older adults
U.S.
fake blue screen of death scam
Malicious websites or software trigger a fake Windows blue screen error with a tech support phone number, tricking victims into calling scammers.
Press Ctrl+Alt+Delete or force-restart the computer as real blue screens never include phone numbers
Windows users
U.S.
payroll direct deposit redirect scam
Scammers impersonate an employee via email and request that their direct deposit payroll information be changed to a fraudulent bank account.
Require in-person or phone verification for any direct deposit changes using a known employee phone number
HR departments
U.S.
attorney impersonation BEC scam
Scammers pose as a company's legal counsel or an external attorney, claiming a confidential legal matter requires an urgent wire transfer.
Verify any attorney-initiated payment requests by calling the law firm using independently sourced contact information
Finance teams
U.S.
real estate closing wire fraud
Scammers intercept real estate transaction emails and send fake closing instructions with fraudulent wire transfer details, stealing down payments and closing funds.
Always verify wire instructions by calling the title company at a number from their official website, never from the email
Homebuyers
U.S.
executive gift card request scam
Scammers impersonate a company executive and ask employees to urgently purchase gift cards for clients, employees, or events, then request the card numbers and PINs.
Always verify gift card requests by speaking directly with the executive who supposedly sent the email
Administrative assistants
U.S.
employee data theft BEC phishing
Scammers impersonate executives or IT staff to request sensitive employee data including Social Security numbers, addresses, and financial information.
Never send bulk employee personal data via email regardless of who requests it
HR departments
U.S.
merger and acquisition confidential BEC scam
Scammers impersonate executives or advisors involved in a pending deal, using the secrecy inherent in M&A transactions to authorize urgent, fraudulent wire transfers.
Verify all M&A-related payment requests through pre-established secure communication channels
CFOs
U.S.
SMS prize alert text message scam
Scam text messages claim you have won a prize or gift card and include a link to a phishing website designed to steal personal information.
Never click links in unsolicited text messages claiming you have won a prize
Smartphone users
U.S.
sweepstakes processing fee scam
Victims receive official-looking letters or emails claiming they won a sweepstakes but must pay a processing fee to receive their prize check.
Never pay any fee to claim a sweepstakes prize as legitimate sweepstakes cover all costs
Older adults
U.S.
scratch card guaranteed winner scam
Scammers distribute fake scratch cards through mail or in person that always show a winning prize, then direct victims to call a number and pay fees to collect.
Be suspicious of any scratch card received unsolicited that shows you as a winner
Older adults
U.S.
free vacation prize scam
Victims are told they won a free vacation but must attend a high-pressure timeshare presentation or pay resort fees, taxes, and hidden charges that negate any value.
Research the company thoroughly through the BBB and consumer review sites before agreeing to anything
Older adults
U.S.
car winner notification scam
Victims receive a call, email, or letter claiming they won a new car but must pay taxes, registration fees, or delivery charges before receiving it.
Legitimate car giveaways handle tax obligations as part of the prize and never require upfront payment
Older adults
U.S.
religious charity donation scam
Scammers exploit religious trust by posing as faith-based charities or church representatives to solicit donations that are never used for their stated religious or charitable purpose.
Verify religious charities through your denomination's official directories and on Charity Navigator
Religious communities
U.S.
fake animal rescue charity scam
Scammers set up fake animal rescue organizations or social media accounts to collect donations using photos of abused or injured animals they are not actually helping.
Verify animal rescues through your state's charity registry and the BBB
Pet lovers
U.S.
fake child sponsorship charity scam
Scammers impersonate or create fake child sponsorship programs, collecting monthly donations that never reach any children in need.
Only sponsor children through well-established organizations verified on Charity Navigator or GuideStar
Donors
U.S.
holiday season giving scam
Scammers exploit the generosity of the holiday season with fake charitable appeals, pop-up organizations, and impersonation of well-known charities to steal donations.
Take time to research any charity before donating, even during the holidays
Donors
U.S.
crowdfunding community project fraud
Scammers create crowdfunding campaigns for fake community projects such as parks, memorials, or neighborhood improvements, collect donations, and disappear.
Verify that community project campaigns are endorsed by local government or established nonprofits
Donors
U.S.
free trial subscription trap scam
A product advertises a free trial but buries auto-renewal terms in fine print, then charges a full subscription fee after a short window.
Set a calendar reminder before any trial expires.
Online subscribers
U.S.
phantom subscription charge scam
Unauthorized recurring charges appear on a credit card for a service the cardholder never signed up for or has never used.
Review bank and credit card statements monthly for unrecognized charges.
Online subscribers
U.S.
hidden cancel button subscription scam
A service makes it easy to sign up but deliberately hides or complicates the cancellation process to keep billing active.
Document every step of the cancellation attempt with screenshots.
Online subscribers
U.S.
auto-renewal trick subscription scam
A product quietly enables auto-renewal during checkout, then charges a higher rate when the initial term ends without adequate notice.
Check for auto-renewal settings immediately after any subscription purchase.
Online subscribers
U.S.
fake streaming service subscription scam
Scammers impersonate popular streaming platforms and collect payment for subscriptions that never grant access to any content.
Always navigate to streaming services directly by typing the URL — never click email links.
Online subscribers
U.S.
fitness app subscription scam
A fitness or wellness app charges premium subscription fees after a brief trial, often using biometric or fingerprint confirmation tricks to authorize payments.
Review subscription charges in your app store account settings regularly.
App users
U.S.
magazine subscription scam
Callers claim to represent a publisher and sign victims up for magazine subscriptions they never ordered, then send aggressive collection notices.
Never provide payment information to unsolicited callers.
Older adults
U.S.
software license subscription scam
A website sells fake or unauthorized software licenses at a discount, then charges recurring fees for products the buyer never receives or cannot activate.
Buy software only from official vendor websites or authorized resellers.
Small business owners
U.S.
cloud storage upsell scam
A pop-up or email warns that cloud storage is full and directs the user to a fake upgrade page that charges for storage never delivered.
Check storage usage directly in your device settings — not through email links.
App users
U.S.
membership fee scam
A service requires an upfront membership fee to access exclusive deals or content, but the promised benefits are nonexistent or freely available elsewhere.
Search for reviews of the membership service before paying.
Online subscribers
U.S.
fake debt collector call scam
A caller impersonates a debt collector and pressures the victim to pay a debt that either does not exist or is not legitimately owed to the caller.
Request a written debt validation letter — legitimate collectors are required to provide one under the FDCPA.
People with debt
U.S.
phantom debt collection scam
A scammer demands payment for a debt that never existed, often citing fabricated account numbers and threatening legal consequences.
Pull your free credit reports from annualcreditreport.com to verify any claimed debt.
People with debt
U.S.
lawsuit threat debt collection scam
A scammer claims to be a lawyer or process server and says a lawsuit has been filed over an unpaid debt, demanding immediate payment to avoid court.
Ask for the attorney's bar number and verify it with your state bar association.
People with debt
U.S.
jail threat debt collection scam
A scammer threatens the victim with arrest and imprisonment for an unpaid debt, a practice that is illegal under federal law.
Know that you cannot be jailed for unpaid consumer debt in the United States.
People with debt
U.S.
spousal debt claim scam
A scammer contacts someone claiming they are legally responsible for their spouse's or partner's debt, demanding payment under false pretenses.
Know your state's community property vs. common law rules for marital debt.
Married couples
U.S.
car insurance bait and switch scam
An advertised auto insurance quote is far below market rate, but after payment, the actual policy has major exclusions or the insurer is not licensed in the state.
Verify the insurer's license through your state Department of Insurance website.
Drivers
U.S.
life insurance scam
Scammers sell fake life insurance policies, often targeting seniors, collecting premiums for coverage that does not exist with any legitimate insurer.
Verify the agent's license and the insurance company through your state insurance department.
Seniors
U.S.
identity theft protection scam
A company sells an identity theft protection plan that provides little or no actual monitoring, while collecting sensitive personal data that increases the customer's risk.
Use the free credit monitoring offered by breached companies or annualcreditreport.com.
Data breach victims
U.S.
pet insurance scam
A company sells pet insurance with attractive premiums but denies claims using broad pre-existing condition exclusions or turns out to be an unlicensed entity.
Verify the pet insurance company through your state's insurance department.
Pet owners
U.S.
disaster insurance upsell scam
After a natural disaster, scammers approach homeowners with high-pressure sales for overpriced or unnecessary supplemental insurance coverage.
Contact your existing insurer before purchasing any supplemental disaster coverage.
Homeowners
U.S.
Craigslist apartment rental scam
A listing on Craigslist advertises an apartment at a great price, but the poster does not own or have authority to rent the property.
Always view the property in person before sending any money.
Renters
U.S.
vacation rental clone scam
Scammers clone legitimate vacation rental listings from Airbnb or Vrbo and offer them on third-party sites, collecting payment for properties they do not control.
Book and pay only through official platforms that offer payment protection.
Travelers
U.S.
roommate scam
A person posing as a prospective roommate sends a check for more than the agreed amount and asks the victim to wire back the difference before the check bounces.
Never accept a check for more than the agreed amount from a stranger.
Students
U.S.
rental deposit wire fraud scam
A supposed landlord insists that the security deposit and first month's rent be wired before move-in, then disappears after receiving the funds.
Never wire money to a landlord you have not met — wire transfers cannot be reversed.
Relocating workers
U.S.
sight-unseen rental scam
A scammer targets people relocating to a new city by offering a rental that cannot be viewed in person, then collecting payment for a property that is not available.
Ask a trusted local contact to visit the property on your behalf or arrange a live video walkthrough.
Relocating workers
U.S.
fake landlord scam
A person poses as the landlord of a property they do not own, showing it to prospective tenants and collecting deposits before the real owner discovers the scheme.
Verify the landlord's identity by checking property ownership records at the county assessor's office.
Renters
U.S.
sublease scam
A current tenant subleases an apartment without the landlord's permission, collecting rent from the new occupant who is then evicted when the fraud is discovered.
Demand written proof that the landlord has approved the sublease arrangement.
Students
U.S.
short-term rental scam
A listing for a short-term rental — often targeting business travelers — takes payment but the property does not exist or is not as described upon arrival.
Book through established platforms that hold payment until check-in is verified.
Business travelers
U.S.
housing list fee scam
A service charges a fee for access to rental listings that are freely available on public sites, outdated, or already rented.
Search free listing sites first — most legitimate rentals are listed publicly.
Renters
U.S.
puppy deposit scam
A seller advertises puppies online, collects a deposit, then either never delivers the puppy or demands additional fees for shipping, insurance, and crates.
Visit the breeder in person or request a live video call with the specific puppy.
Pet seekers
U.S.
fake breeder website scam
A professional-looking website poses as a licensed breeder, complete with fake reviews and registrations, to collect payments for puppies or kittens that do not exist.
Verify registration numbers directly with the breed registry (AKC, CKC, TICA).
Pet seekers
U.S.
pet shipping fee scam
After a puppy or kitten purchase, the buyer is told the pet requires a special climate-controlled crate, insurance, or customs fees that escalate indefinitely.
Legitimate pet shipping companies provide all-inclusive quotes upfront.
Pet seekers
U.S.
online vet bill scam
A scammer contacts a pet buyer claiming the animal needs emergency veterinary care during transit and demands immediate payment to save the pet's life.
Ask for the specific vet clinic name, address, and phone number — then call directly.
Pet seekers
U.S.
purebred papers scam
A seller charges extra for registration papers proving a pet's pedigree, but the papers are forged or from a fraudulent registry.
Verify registration numbers directly with the AKC, UKC, or CKC before purchasing.
Pet seekers
U.S.
pet adoption fee scam
A fake rescue or individual advertises pets for adoption, charges an adoption fee, then never delivers the animal or provides a different pet than shown.
Meet the animal in person before paying any adoption fee.
Animal lovers
U.S.
fake pet medication scam
Online pharmacies sell counterfeit or expired pet medications that may be ineffective or dangerous to the animal.
Buy pet medications only from licensed pharmacies or directly through your veterinarian.
Pet owners
U.S.
missing pet reward scam
A scammer contacts someone who has lost a pet, claims to have found the animal, and demands a reward or ransom payment before returning it — but they do not have the pet.
Ask the caller to describe the pet in detail — including features not shown in the lost poster.
Pet owners
U.S.
fake rescue organization scam
A fraudulent animal rescue solicits donations for animals in need but uses the funds for personal gain rather than animal care.
Verify the organization's nonprofit status through your state's charity registration database.
Animal lovers
U.S.
exotic animal scam
Scammers advertise rare or exotic animals for sale online — such as monkeys, big cats, or rare reptiles — collect deposits, and never deliver the animal.
Check your state and local laws — many exotic animals are illegal to own without permits.
Exotic pet enthusiasts
U.S.
power company disconnection threat scam
Scammers call or text pretending to be your electric utility, claiming your power will be shut off within hours unless you pay immediately via gift card or wire transfer.
Hang up and call your utility company directly using the number on your bill or their official website
Homeowners
U.S.
water bill overdue scam
Fraudsters send official-looking texts or emails claiming your water bill is overdue and your service will be suspended unless you click a link and pay immediately.
Do not click links in unexpected texts or emails about utility bills — log in to your account directly through the official website
Homeowners
U.S.
gas company impersonator scam
Criminals pose as gas company employees, either by phone or at your door, claiming there is a gas leak or billing issue to gain access to your home or steal payment information.
Never let anyone into your home without verifying their identity — call the gas company directly to confirm any scheduled visits
Homeowners
U.S.
smart meter upgrade scam
Scammers contact homeowners claiming they need to pay for a mandatory smart meter upgrade or risk losing service, when in reality utility-provided meter upgrades are free.
Contact your utility directly to ask about any meter upgrade programs — legitimate upgrades are provided and installed at no cost
Homeowners
U.S.
solar panel door-to-door scam
High-pressure door-to-door salespeople misrepresent solar panel costs, savings, and government incentive programs to lock homeowners into predatory contracts or collect large upfront deposits.
Never sign a contract on the same day — take time to get competing quotes from licensed solar installers
Homeowners
U.S.
utility rebate phishing scam
Scammers send emails or texts posing as your utility, claiming you qualify for an energy rebate or refund, then steal your bank details through a fake claim form.
Do not click links in unsolicited rebate offers — visit your utility company website directly to check for legitimate programs
Homeowners
U.S.
energy audit scam
Fraudulent contractors offer free or low-cost home energy audits, then pressure homeowners into overpriced and unnecessary repairs or equipment installations.
Only schedule energy audits through your utility company or certified programs like ENERGY STAR Home Advisor
Homeowners
U.S.
winterization home protection scam
Scammers target homeowners before winter, offering bogus pipe insulation, furnace inspections, or weatherproofing services at inflated prices for work that is never completed or done poorly.
Check your utility company for legitimate weatherization assistance programs, especially LIHEAP for low-income households
Homeowners
U.S.
utility overpayment refund scam
Scammers call claiming you overpaid your utility bill and need to provide bank details or remote computer access so they can process your refund, then drain your account.
Hang up and call your utility company directly — legitimate overpayments are credited to your next bill automatically
Homeowners
U.S.
broadband internet service scam
Fraudsters impersonate internet service providers, calling to offer fake discounts, upgrades, or to fix non-existent connection problems, then steal payment or personal information.
Hang up on unsolicited ISP calls and contact your provider directly using the number on your bill
Homeowners
U.S.
fake cryptocurrency exchange platform scam
Scammers build professional-looking crypto exchange websites that accept deposits but prevent withdrawals, stealing users' funds and personal data.
Only use exchanges registered with your national financial regulator — check FinCEN, FCA, or ASIC registries
Crypto investors
Global
crypto recovery service scam
Scammers target people who have already lost cryptocurrency to fraud, offering to recover the stolen funds for an upfront fee, then stealing more money from the victim.
Understand that stolen cryptocurrency is extremely difficult to recover — anyone guaranteeing recovery is likely a scammer
Crypto investors
Global
SIM swap for crypto theft scam
Scammers convince your mobile carrier to transfer your phone number to their SIM card, then use it to bypass two-factor authentication and access your cryptocurrency exchange accounts.
Switch from SMS-based 2FA to hardware security keys or authenticator apps for all cryptocurrency exchange accounts
Crypto investors
U.S.
Instagram giveaway scam
Fake accounts impersonate brands or influencers and announce fraudulent giveaways that require participants to share personal information, pay a shipping fee, or click malicious links.
Verify any giveaway through the brand's official verified account and website
Social media users
Global
TikTok money flip scam
TikTok videos and DMs promote fake money flipping schemes that claim to multiply your cash through a secret investment method, but simply steal your initial payment.
Recognize that no legitimate investment can guarantee to multiply your money — any such promise is a scam
Young adults
U.S.
Facebook Marketplace catfish scam
Scammers on Facebook Marketplace create fake buyer or seller profiles to trick people into sending payments for items that do not exist or never arrive.
Use Facebook checkout for buyer protection and avoid paying through external payment apps
Social media users
U.S.
Twitter crypto promotion scam
Hacked or impersonator Twitter accounts post fake cryptocurrency promotions promising to double any crypto sent to a wallet address, stealing funds from followers.
Remember that no legitimate person or company will ever ask you to send crypto to receive more back
Social media users
Global
LinkedIn fake recruiter scam
Scammers pose as recruiters on LinkedIn, offering fake job opportunities to collect personal information, Social Security numbers, or upfront training fees from job seekers.
Verify any job offer by contacting the company directly through their official careers page or HR department
Job seekers
U.S.
Snapchat account takeover scam
Scammers trick Snapchat users into sharing login credentials or verification codes through fake support messages, then lock them out and use the account for further fraud.
Never share verification codes with anyone — Snapchat will never ask you to share codes with friends
Young adults
U.S.
YouTube subscriber bot scam
Services sell fake YouTube subscribers and views using bot accounts, violating YouTube's terms of service and putting the buyer's channel at risk of termination.
Grow your channel organically — fake subscribers provide zero real engagement and harm your channel's algorithmic performance
Content creators
Global
Pinterest fake shopping link scam
Scammers create attractive Pinterest pins linking to fraudulent shopping sites that steal payment information or deliver counterfeit goods.
Research any unfamiliar online store before purchasing — check reviews on independent sites like Trustpilot or the BBB
Social media users
U.S.
Reddit investment tip scam
Scammers infiltrate investment subreddits with fake success stories and coordinated posts promoting fraudulent trading platforms or pump-and-dump stocks.
Verify investment advice from Reddit through independent financial research and regulated sources
Social media users
U.S.
influencer promotion scam
Influencers promote fraudulent products, services, or investment schemes to their followers without disclosing they are being paid, or without verifying what they are promoting is legitimate.
Research any product or investment independently before purchasing, regardless of who promotes it
Social media users
U.S.
fake check overpayment scam
A buyer sends a check for more than the agreed price and asks the seller to wire back the difference before the check bounces.
Never accept a check for more than the selling price.
Sellers
U.S.
mystery shopper check scam
Victims receive an unsolicited check with instructions to deposit it and evaluate a wire transfer service by sending money back.
Never deposit unsolicited checks from unknown senders.
Job seekers
U.S.
cashier's check fraud
Scammers produce convincing counterfeit cashier's checks that initially pass bank verification but are later returned as fraudulent.
Call the issuing bank directly using a number from their official website to verify any cashier's check.
Sellers
U.S.
counterfeit money order scam
Fraudsters create fake money orders that closely resemble genuine USPS or Western Union instruments but are ultimately worthless.
Verify money orders by calling the issuer directly — USPS at 1-866-459-7822 for postal money orders.
Sellers
U.S.
check washing scam
Criminals steal mail containing checks, use chemicals to erase the payee and amount, then rewrite them for larger sums to different recipients.
Use gel pens or security ink when writing checks, as they are resistant to chemical washing.
Small business owners
U.S.
payroll check scam
Scammers posing as employers send fake payroll checks to new hires, then request the employee return a portion for equipment or supplies.
Research any new employer through your state's business registration database before accepting payment.
Job seekers
U.S.
tax refund check scam
Fraudsters file fake tax returns using stolen personal information to intercept refund checks or direct deposits.
File your tax return as early as possible each year to reduce the window for fraud.
Job seekers
U.S.
rental deposit check scam
A fake landlord sends a check for more than the deposit, then asks the prospective tenant to wire back the excess before the check bounces.
Never accept a check for more than the agreed amount in any rental transaction.
Renters
U.S.
prize check advance fee scam
Victims receive a check along with a letter claiming they won a prize but must pay taxes or fees upfront to claim their winnings.
Remember that legitimate sweepstakes never require upfront payment to claim a prize.
Sellers
U.S.
lowball moving estimate scam
A moving company quotes an unrealistically low price to win the job, then dramatically increases the cost on moving day when belongings are already loaded.
Get at least three in-home or detailed video estimates and be wary of any quote far below the others.
Relocating workers
U.S.
hostage furniture moving scam
A moving company loads belongings onto a truck, then refuses to deliver unless the customer pays a dramatically inflated price.
Under federal law, movers must deliver for no more than 110 percent of a binding estimate — know this before moving day.
Relocating workers
U.S.
fake moving company scam
A company that exists only on paper takes deposits for moves it never intends to complete, then disappears or demands more money.
Verify the company's USDOT number and complaint history at safer.fmcsa.dot.gov before hiring.
Relocating workers
U.S.
moving deposit-and-vanish scam
A moving company collects a large upfront deposit and then becomes unreachable before the scheduled moving date.
Avoid paying large deposits — reputable movers typically charge upon delivery or require minimal deposits.
Relocating workers
U.S.
bait-and-switch moving truck scam
A moving company promises a full-size truck but arrives with a smaller vehicle, forcing a second trip at additional cost or leaving items behind.
Insist on an in-home or detailed video survey before accepting any estimate.
Families
U.S.
last-minute moving price hike scam
On moving day or mid-move, the company adds unexpected fees for stairs, long carries, bulky items, or other charges not in the original quote.
Read the entire contract and ask about every possible surcharge before signing.
Relocating workers
U.S.
odometer rollback fraud
The odometer reading is tampered with to show fewer miles, making the vehicle appear less used and worth more than its actual value.
Compare the odometer reading against the vehicle history report, which records mileage at each title transfer and inspection.
Car buyers
U.S.
curbstoner unlicensed dealer scam
An unlicensed dealer poses as a private seller to flip vehicles without disclosing known defects, avoiding dealer regulations and consumer protections.
Verify the seller's name matches the name on the vehicle title.
Car buyers
U.S.
online car deposit scam
A seller lists an attractive vehicle at a below-market price and requests a deposit to hold it, then disappears after receiving payment.
Never send a deposit for a vehicle you have not seen and inspected in person.
Car buyers
U.S.
vehicle export scam
A buyer claims to purchase a vehicle for export, sends a fake payment, and arranges for a shipper to pick up the car before the fraud is detected.
Be suspicious of any buyer who agrees to the full asking price without seeing the vehicle.
Car buyers
U.S.
phantom vehicle listing scam
A completely fabricated vehicle listing uses stolen photos and descriptions to collect deposits from buyers for a car that does not exist.
Reverse-search listing photos before contacting the seller.
Car buyers
U.S.
VIN cloning fraud
A stolen vehicle is given the VIN plate from a legally registered vehicle of the same make and model to pass title checks.
Compare the VIN on the dashboard, door jamb, and engine block — all should match exactly.
Car buyers
U.S.
dealer add-on fraud
A dealership adds unwanted products or services — such as paint protection, fabric coating, or VIN etching — to the final purchase price without clear consent.
Read every line of the purchase agreement and refuse to sign until all charges are explained.
Car buyers
U.S.
car shipping deposit scam
A vehicle transport company collects a deposit to ship a car and then delays indefinitely, demands more money, or disappears entirely.
Verify the transport company's FMCSA operating authority and insurance at safer.fmcsa.dot.gov.
Car buyers
U.S.
timeshare resale scam
A company contacts timeshare owners claiming to have a buyer ready to purchase their timeshare but requires upfront fees that are never recovered.
Never pay upfront fees to sell a timeshare — legitimate resale companies charge commissions only after a sale closes.
Timeshare owners
U.S.
timeshare exit company fraud
A company charges thousands of dollars upfront promising to legally cancel a timeshare contract, then fails to deliver or uses ineffective methods.
Contact your timeshare resort's exit or deedback program directly first — many resorts now offer voluntary exit options.
Timeshare owners
U.S.
vacation club membership scam
A travel club sells expensive memberships promising exclusive discounted vacations, but the deals are no better than publicly available rates.
Compare any claimed exclusive deals against prices on Kayak, Google Flights, and Booking.com before purchasing a membership.
Vacationers
U.S.
free vacation presentation scam
Consumers are lured with a free vacation or gift in exchange for attending a timeshare presentation that uses extreme high-pressure sales tactics.
Know your state's rescission period before attending — most states allow cancellation within 3 to 15 days of signing.
Vacationers
U.S.
travel voucher scam
Victims receive travel vouchers promising free or deeply discounted trips, but the vouchers come with hidden fees, blackout dates, and unusable restrictions.
Read all terms and conditions of any travel voucher before paying any activation or processing fees.
Vacationers
U.S.
timeshare points exchange scam
A company offers to convert timeshare points into airline miles, hotel points, or cash but charges fees and delivers nothing of value.
Never share your timeshare account login credentials with any third-party company.
Timeshare owners
U.S.
resort prize trip scam
A notification claims you won a free resort stay, but the trip is a cover for a high-pressure timeshare sales pitch with hidden costs.
Remember that legitimate sweepstakes do not require payment or attendance at a sales event to claim a prize.
Vacationers
U.S.
storm chaser roofer scam
After a major storm, out-of-town contractors go door to door offering cheap roof repairs, collect deposits, and do shoddy work or disappear.
Verify the contractor's license, insurance, and local business registration before signing any contract.
Homeowners
U.S.
driveway repaving scam
A crew claims to have leftover asphalt from a nearby job and offers a cheap driveway seal or repave that uses watered-down sealant or thin asphalt.
Never hire a contractor who solicits door to door — reputable paving companies have established customer pipelines.
Homeowners
U.S.
tree removal scam
Unlicensed operators offer cheap tree removal but leave stumps, damage property, or abandon debris, and have no insurance to cover the damage.
Verify the company carries both liability insurance and workers' compensation — ask for a certificate of insurance and call the insurer to confirm.
Homeowners
U.S.
plumbing emergency scam
A plumber responding to an emergency call inflates the scope of work, claims additional problems exist, or charges extreme markups for parts.
Unless water is actively flooding, get at least two estimates before authorizing major plumbing work.
Homeowners
U.S.
HVAC inspection scam
A company offers a cheap HVAC inspection and then claims the system has dangerous defects requiring thousands in immediate repairs or replacement.
Get a second opinion from another licensed HVAC contractor before agreeing to any major repair or replacement.
Homeowners
U.S.
foundation crack repair scam
A contractor exaggerates the severity of cosmetic foundation cracks, claiming the home is at risk of structural failure to sell unnecessary repairs.
Hire a licensed structural engineer — not a contractor — for an independent foundation assessment.
Homeowners
U.S.
mold remediation scam
A company performs a mold inspection and fabricates or exaggerates results to sell expensive and unnecessary mold removal services.
Use a company that only does testing, not remediation — to avoid a conflict of interest.
Homeowners
U.S.
contractor permit fraud
A contractor skips required building permits to save money and speed up work, leaving the homeowner liable for code violations and potentially unsafe work.
Check with your local building department about what work requires permits before hiring any contractor.
Homeowners
U.S.
contractor material upcharge scam
A contractor inflates the cost of materials far above retail price, uses cheaper materials than specified, or charges for materials never purchased.
Require an itemized materials list in the contract specifying brand, model, and unit cost.
Homeowners
U.S.
disaster repair advance fee scam
After a natural disaster, a contractor demands a large advance payment for emergency repairs and then performs little or no work.
Check your state's limits on contractor advance payments — many states cap deposits at one-third of the total contract.
Homeowners
U.S.
UPS tracking phishing email scam
A phishing email impersonates UPS with a fake tracking update or delivery failure notice, directing victims to a spoofed website to steal login credentials or financial information.
Track packages only through the official ups.com website or UPS mobile app.
Online shoppers
U.S.
FedEx delivery fee scam
A text or email claiming to be from FedEx states that a package requires a small delivery or customs fee and directs you to a fake payment page to steal your credit card information.
Never pay delivery fees through links in text messages — check fedex.com directly with your tracking number.
Online shoppers
U.S.
Amazon package confirmation scam
A message claims you have an Amazon package arriving and asks you to confirm your address or payment method through a fake Amazon page, stealing your account credentials.
Check your orders by logging in directly at amazon.com — never through email links.
Online shoppers
U.S.
DHL customs payment scam
A message posing as DHL claims your international package is held at customs and requires a fee to be released, directing you to a fraudulent payment portal.
Verify customs charges directly through the official DHL website using your tracking number.
Online shoppers
U.S.
missed delivery notice scam
A fake 'missed delivery' slip is left on your door or sent via text, directing you to a fraudulent website or phone number to reschedule — where your personal information is harvested.
Verify delivery attempts by entering any tracking number directly on the carrier's official website.
Online shoppers
U.S.
address verification delivery scam
A text or email claims a package cannot be delivered because your address is incomplete and asks you to verify it through a phishing link that collects your full personal information.
Contact the shipping carrier directly if you believe there is a genuine address issue with a package.
Online shoppers
U.S.
package held at customs scam
Scammers send messages claiming your international package is stuck at customs and you must pay a fee or provide identification to release it, leading to financial theft or identity fraud.
Verify any customs charges by contacting the shipping carrier or customs broker directly.
Online shoppers
U.S.
delivery preference update scam
A phishing email or text asks you to update your delivery preferences or notification settings through a fake carrier portal, capturing your login credentials.
Manage delivery preferences only by logging in directly through the carrier's official website or app.
Online shoppers
U.S.
shipping label phishing scam
An email with an attachment labeled as a shipping label, invoice, or receipt contains malware that infects your device when opened.
Never open email attachments from unknown senders or unexpected shipping notifications.
Online shoppers
U.S.
payment by gift card demand scam
A scammer posing as a government agent, utility company, or other authority demands you pay a debt, fine, or fee by purchasing gift cards and reading the numbers over the phone.
Hang up immediately — gift cards are for gifts, not payments. No real organization demands gift card payment.
Older adults
U.S.
gift card balance drain scam
Scammers tamper with gift cards on retail display racks by recording the card numbers, then monitor for activation and drain the balance before the buyer can use it.
Inspect gift card packaging carefully for signs of tampering before purchasing.
Gift card buyers
U.S.
retail store impersonator gift card scam
Scammers call or email pretending to be from a major retailer, claiming there is a problem with your recent gift card purchase and requesting the card numbers to 'verify' or 'replace' it.
Never share gift card numbers or PINs with anyone who contacts you — retailers will not call asking for this information.
Gift card buyers
U.S.
boss gift card request scam
An email or text impersonating your boss or company executive urgently asks you to buy gift cards for clients or employees and send the card numbers — a business email compromise variant.
Verify any unusual request from a supervisor by calling or speaking to them in person — not by replying to the email.
Employees
U.S.
tech support gift card payment scam
A fake tech support agent claims your computer is infected or your account is compromised and demands payment in gift cards to fix the issue.
Legitimate tech companies never demand payment in gift cards — hang up or close the pop-up.
Older adults
U.S.
romance scam gift card request
An online romantic interest builds a relationship over weeks or months, then asks for gift cards as a way to help with an emergency, travel expenses, or proof of love.
Never send gift cards or gift card photos to someone you have not met in person.
Older adults
U.S.
gift card resale fraud scam
Scammers sell gift cards online at a discount that turn out to be empty, stolen, or already redeemed — leaving the buyer with a worthless card.
Buy gift cards only from authorized retailers or the brand's official website.
Gift card buyers
U.S.
tampered gift card rack scam
Criminals physically tamper with gift cards on retail display racks by exposing and recording PINs or replacing barcodes, then drain the funds once an unsuspecting customer activates the card.
Inspect gift cards carefully before purchasing — look for scratched PIN covers, extra stickers, or damaged packaging.
Gift card buyers
U.S.
Amazon account suspension scam
An email or text claims your Amazon account has been suspended due to suspicious activity and directs you to a fake login page to steal your Amazon credentials and payment information.
Log in to Amazon directly by typing amazon.com into your browser — never through email links.
Online consumers
U.S.
Apple ID locked scam
A message claims your Apple ID has been locked or will be disabled and directs you to a fake Apple website to enter your credentials, giving scammers access to your iCloud, payments, and devices.
Check your Apple ID status by going directly to appleid.apple.com — never through links in emails.
Online consumers
U.S.
bank fraud department impersonation scam
A caller or texter claims to be from your bank's fraud department, warns about suspicious transactions, and convinces you to share account details or transfer money to a 'safe' account.
Hang up and call your bank directly using the number on the back of your card or on your bank's official website.
Account holders
U.S.
utility company shutoff scam
A caller impersonating your electric, gas, or water company threatens to disconnect your service within hours unless you make an immediate payment, often by gift card or wire transfer.
Hang up and call the number on your utility bill or the company's official website.
Online consumers
U.S.
ISP service interruption scam
An email or call impersonating your internet service provider claims there is a billing issue or security threat and asks you to verify your account by providing personal or payment details.
Log in to your ISP account directly through the official website to check for any genuine billing issues.
Online consumers
U.S.
streaming account compromised scam
A phishing email claims your Netflix, Disney+, or other streaming account has been compromised or your payment failed, directing you to a fake login page to steal your credentials.
Go directly to the streaming service's website or app to check your account status.
Online consumers
U.S.
shipping company impersonation scam
A message impersonating a major shipping company claims a package requires action — such as updating delivery details or paying a fee — and directs to a phishing site.
Check delivery status only through the carrier's official website or app using your tracking number.
Online consumers
U.S.
social media platform impersonation scam
A message claims your Facebook, Instagram, or other social media account has been flagged for violation and asks you to verify your identity through a fake login page to avoid account deletion.
Check account status by logging into the platform directly — not through links in messages.
Online consumers
U.S.
antivirus subscription renewal scam
A fake email or pop-up claims your antivirus subscription is expiring or has been auto-renewed for a large amount and directs you to call a number or click a link to cancel or get a refund.
Check your actual antivirus subscription status by logging into the official vendor's website directly.
Online consumers
U.S.
Chinese embassy robocall scam
An automated call in Mandarin claims to be from the Chinese embassy or consulate, stating the recipient has an important document or is involved in a legal matter requiring immediate action and payment.
Hang up — the Chinese embassy does not contact citizens through pre-recorded phone calls demanding money.
Non-English speakers
U.S.
vacation package robocall scam
A robocall congratulates you on winning a free vacation or cruise and asks you to pay taxes, fees, or a deposit to claim it — the vacation either does not exist or comes with extreme restrictions.
Hang up — legitimate vacations are not awarded through unsolicited phone calls.
Consumers
U.S.
AI voice bot conversation scam
An advanced AI-powered voice bot conducts a natural-sounding phone conversation to extract personal information, verify your identity, or trick you into confirming fraudulent transactions.
Be cautious about confirming personal information or saying 'yes' to unknown callers.
Phone users
U.S.
webcam blackmail email scam
A mass-sent email claims the sender hacked your webcam and recorded you during intimate activity, demanding cryptocurrency payment to prevent release of the footage.
Do not reply or send any payment — these are mass-sent with no actual footage.
Adults
U.S.
teen social media sextortion scam
Predators target minors on social media, build trust through conversation, solicit explicit images, then threaten to share them unless the victim pays or provides more content.
Stop all communication with the scammer immediately — do not pay or send more images.
Teenagers
U.S.
dating app recording threat scam
A match on a dating app lures the victim into a video call, captures intimate moments, then threatens to share the recording unless a payment is made.
Do not pay — payment rarely stops the threats and often leads to increased demands.
Young adults
U.S.
password reveal sextortion email scam
An email includes one of your real passwords in the subject line and claims a hacker used it to access your device and record compromising footage.
Do not pay — the scammer has only your leaked password, not access to your device.
Adults
U.S.
compromised photos sextortion threat scam
A scammer claims to have obtained intimate photos from your phone or cloud storage and threatens to distribute them unless you pay.
Do not pay or engage — most of these threats are bluffs with no actual photos.
Adults
U.S.
deepfake sextortion scam
Scammers use AI deepfake technology to create realistic but fabricated explicit images or videos of the victim from their public photos, then demand payment to prevent distribution.
Do not pay — the images are fabricated and paying does not guarantee deletion.
Teenagers
U.S.
social media DM sextortion scam
A stranger initiates a direct message conversation on Instagram or Snapchat, quickly escalates to exchanging explicit photos, then threatens to share the victim's images with their followers.
Stop communicating — do not send money, and do not send additional images.
Teenagers
U.S.
sextortion via gaming platform scam
Predators target gamers — often minors — through in-game chat or Discord, build trust through shared gaming, then solicit and weaponize explicit images.
Stop all contact with the person and do not comply with any demands.
Teenagers
U.S.
workplace affair sextortion threat scam
An email or message threatens to reveal an alleged extramarital affair or inappropriate workplace relationship to the victim's employer and spouse unless a payment is made.
Do not respond or pay — these are untargeted mass emails with no actual evidence.
Professionals
U.S.
AI-generated explicit image threat scam
Scammers use AI image generators to create non-consensual explicit images from a victim's social media photos, then threaten to distribute them online or to contacts.
Do not pay or engage with the scammer — compliance leads to escalation.
Teenagers
U.S.
paid review product scam
Sellers recruit people to buy their product on Amazon, leave a 5-star review, then receive a full refund plus a commission — inflating ratings and deceiving shoppers.
Do not participate — writing fake reviews violates FTC guidelines and marketplace terms of service.
Online shoppers
U.S.
fake Amazon review job scam
A message offers a lucrative work-from-home job writing Amazon reviews, but the real goal is to collect your personal information or get you to make purchases you will never be reimbursed for.
Never pay out of pocket for a job opportunity — legitimate employers do not require this.
Side hustle seekers
U.S.
influencer sponsorship scam
Scammers impersonate brands and offer content creators fake sponsorship deals, then request upfront fees for shipping, samples, or contracts that never materialize.
Verify the offer by contacting the brand directly through their official website.
Content creators
U.S.
review-for-refund scheme scam
An Amazon seller contacts buyers after purchase and offers a full refund in exchange for a 5-star review, artificially inflating their product ratings.
Decline the offer and report the seller to Amazon for review manipulation.
Online shoppers
U.S.
fake Yelp review extortion scam
Scammers threaten small businesses with a flood of fake 1-star Yelp reviews unless the business pays them to stop.
Do not pay — extortion payments almost always lead to repeated demands.
Small business owners
U.S.
app store review manipulation scam
Developers pay for fake 5-star app store reviews to boost rankings, misleading users into downloading low-quality or malicious apps.
Read recent reviews and look for specific, detailed feedback rather than generic praise.
Online shoppers
U.S.
TikTok product reviewer scam
Scammers recruit TikTok users to promote products in videos with promises of free merchandise and commissions, but products never arrive and personal data is harvested.
Verify the company independently — search for its name plus the word scam before signing up.
Content creators
U.S.
brushing scam
You receive unsolicited packages you never ordered — a seller is using your name and address to post verified purchase reviews, boosting their product ratings fraudulently.
Report the unsolicited package to the marketplace — Amazon has a dedicated brushing report form.
Online shoppers
U.S.
fake testimonial service scam
Companies sell fabricated customer testimonials, reviews, and case studies to businesses, enabling them to deceive potential customers with manufactured social proof.
Reverse image search testimonial photos to check if they are stock images.
Small business owners
U.S.
influencer impersonation scam
Scammers create fake accounts mimicking popular influencers and use them to promote fraudulent products, run fake giveaways, or solicit money from fans.
Verify the account handle character by character and check for the verified badge.
Content creators
U.S.
grandchild arrested bail scam
A caller pretends to be a grandchild who has been arrested and urgently needs bail money, often with a second caller posing as a lawyer or police officer to add credibility.
Hang up and call your grandchild directly on their known phone number to verify the story.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild in car accident scam
A frantic caller claims to be your grandchild involved in a serious car accident, saying they need money immediately for hospital bills or to settle with the other driver before police arrive.
Hang up and independently contact your grandchild or their parents to verify.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild stuck abroad scam
A caller claims to be your grandchild stranded in a foreign country — passport stolen, wallet gone — and needs money wired urgently to get home safely.
Hang up and contact your grandchild through their normal phone number, email, or social media.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild hospital emergency scam
A caller claims your grandchild is in the hospital after an accident or illness and needs money immediately for surgery or medical treatment.
Call the grandchild's phone directly or contact their parents to verify the situation.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild kidnapped ransom scam
A caller claims your grandchild has been kidnapped and demands an immediate ransom, sometimes playing recordings of a person screaming in the background.
Try to contact your grandchild independently — use another phone or ask someone nearby to call them.
Grandparents
U.S.
AI voice clone grandchild scam
Scammers use AI voice cloning to replicate a grandchild's voice from social media videos, making the impersonation call nearly indistinguishable from the real person.
Establish a family code word that only family members know, to verify identity during emergency calls.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild needs a lawyer scam
A caller claiming to be a lawyer says your grandchild has been arrested and needs an immediate retainer fee to avoid jail time.
Ask for the attorney's full name, bar number, and firm — then verify independently through your state bar's lawyer search.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild DUI arrest scam
A caller claims your grandchild was arrested for drunk driving and needs immediate bail money to avoid being held overnight or having their license suspended.
Call your grandchild's phone directly — if they answer, the scam is confirmed.
Grandparents
U.S.
grandchild lost wallet overseas scam
A caller pretending to be your grandchild says they lost their wallet while traveling abroad and need money wired for a hotel, food, and a replacement passport.
Hang up and contact your grandchild through their normal phone or social media to confirm their location.
Grandparents
U.S.
fake police follow-up call scam
After a grandparent scam attempt — whether successful or not — a second caller poses as a police officer investigating the case, extracting more money or personal information.
Real police never call to request money or banking information — hang up if asked.
Grandparents
U.S.
military romance impersonation scam
Scammers steal photos and identities of real service members to create fake dating profiles, building romantic relationships to eventually request money for supposed deployment needs.
Reverse image search the profile photos — stolen military photos are commonly reused across scam accounts.
Military families
U.S.
deployment leave fee scam
A scammer posing as a deployed service member asks a romantic interest to pay for leave paperwork or travel costs so they can come home — fees that do not exist in any military branch.
Understand that no branch of the U.S. military charges service members or their families for leave.
Military families
U.S.
military discount phishing scam
Fake websites or emails offer exclusive military discounts that require you to verify your service by entering personal information, military ID details, or login credentials.
Access military discounts only through official channels like ID.me, SheerID, or the retailer's official military page.
Active duty
U.S.
fake military charity scam
Fraudulent charities use names and imagery similar to legitimate veterans organizations to solicit donations that never reach service members or their families.
Verify any charity through Charity Navigator, GuideStar, or the BBB Wise Giving Alliance before donating.
Military families
U.S.
military spouse job scam
Scammers target military spouses with fake work-from-home job offers that require upfront fees for training materials or equipment, exploiting the challenges of frequent relocations.
Never pay upfront for a job — legitimate employers cover training and equipment costs.
Military spouses
U.S.
fake military equipment sale scam
Scammers list military surplus gear, vehicles, or equipment on auction sites at attractive prices, collect payment, and never deliver the items.
Purchase legitimate military surplus only through GovPlanet, GovSales.gov, or other authorized government liquidation platforms.
Veterans
U.S.
closing wire instruction hijack scam
Hackers intercept or spoof emails between homebuyers and title companies, sending fraudulent wire instructions that redirect the closing funds to a criminal's account.
Always verify wire instructions by calling the title company at a phone number from their official website — never from the email itself.
Homebuyers
U.S.
title company impersonation scam
Scammers create fake email addresses and websites that closely mimic a real title company, sending buyers fraudulent closing documents and wire instructions.
Verify the sender's exact email domain character by character before acting on any wire instructions.
Homebuyers
U.S.
down payment redirect scam
A fraudulent email intercepted during a real estate transaction redirects the buyer's down payment to a criminal's account by providing altered wiring details.
Never wire money based solely on email instructions — always confirm by phone using a known, verified number.
Homebuyers
U.S.
earnest money theft scam
Scammers intercept real estate communications and send fake instructions for the earnest money deposit early in the transaction, stealing funds before closing even begins.
Verify earnest money instructions directly with your real estate agent and the escrow company by phone.
Homebuyers
U.S.
real estate agent email compromise scam
Hackers breach a real estate agent's email account and use it to send fraudulent wire instructions to the agent's active clients, leveraging the trusted relationship.
Always verify financial instructions through a separate communication channel — call your agent on their known phone number.
Homebuyers
U.S.
escrow account phishing scam
Scammers send phishing emails disguised as escrow account login pages, capturing credentials that allow them to redirect funds or steal transaction information.
Never click login links in emails — navigate directly to the escrow company's website by typing the URL.
Homebuyers
U.S.
property tax payment redirect scam
Scammers send fake property tax notices directing homeowners to pay overdue or delinquent taxes to a fraudulent account, often threatening liens or penalties for non-payment.
Verify any tax notice by contacting your county tax assessor's office directly using the number from their official website.
Homebuyers
U.S.
real estate attorney impersonation scam
Scammers impersonate the buyer's or seller's real estate attorney, sending fraudulent wire instructions for closing funds from an email that closely resembles the attorney's real address.
Verify all wire instructions by calling your attorney at the number on their business card or official website.
Homebuyers
U.S.
fake concert ticket resale scam
Scammers list counterfeit or nonexistent concert tickets on resale sites and social media, collecting payment and then disappearing or sending invalid barcodes.
Buy tickets only from official box offices or verified resale platforms like Ticketmaster Resale or StubHub that guarantee authenticity
Concertgoers
U.S.
fake sports event ticket scam
Fraudsters sell counterfeit tickets to major sporting events such as NFL, NBA, or FIFA matches through unofficial channels, leaving fans locked out at the gate.
Purchase tickets only through the official team website, league-authorized sellers, or established platforms with money-back guarantees
Sports fans
U.S.
music festival ticket fraud
Scammers sell fake wristbands or digital passes for popular music festivals, often using stolen images of real wristbands to appear legitimate.
Use only the official festival resale or transfer platform to purchase secondhand passes
Concertgoers
U.S.
fake theater ticket scam
Scammers sell fraudulent tickets to popular Broadway, West End, or touring theater productions through unofficial websites and street vendors.
Buy tickets only from the theater box office or authorized resellers listed on the production official website
Concertgoers
U.S.
fake parking pass scam
Scammers sell counterfeit parking passes for event venues, stadiums, and airports, leaving buyers with worthless passes and potential towing charges.
Purchase parking passes only through the venue official website or authorized parking operators
Sports fans
U.S.
fake transit pass scam
Scammers sell counterfeit monthly or annual transit passes for subway, bus, or rail systems through online marketplaces and social media.
Purchase transit passes only from official transit authority websites, apps, or authorized retail locations
Commuters
U.S.
fake amusement park ticket scam
Fraudsters sell fake or already-used amusement park tickets through social media and third-party websites, targeting families looking for deals.
Buy directly from the amusement park website or authorized resellers listed on the park official site
Families
U.S.
event resale QR code scam
Scammers sell event tickets with manipulated QR codes that redirect to phishing sites or are duplicates that only work for the first person who scans them.
Always use the official ticket transfer feature within the event app rather than accepting screenshots
Concertgoers
U.S.
fake lottery ticket scam
Scammers contact victims claiming they have won a lottery or sweepstakes and must pay taxes or fees upfront to collect their winnings.
Remember that legitimate lotteries never require upfront payment to collect winnings and taxes are deducted from the prize
Older adults
U.S.
extended car warranty robocall scam
Robocallers claim your vehicle warranty is about to expire and pressure you into purchasing an expensive extended warranty from a fraudulent third-party company.
Hang up on unsolicited warranty calls and add your number to the National Do Not Call Registry at DoNotCall.gov
Car owners
U.S.
appliance warranty extension scam
Scammers call or email homeowners claiming their appliance warranties are expiring and offering costly extended coverage that provides little to no actual protection.
Verify your actual warranty status by contacting the appliance manufacturer directly using the number in your owner manual
Homeowners
U.S.
electronics warranty phishing scam
Scammers send phishing emails disguised as warranty registration confirmations for recently purchased electronics, directing victims to fake sites that steal personal and financial data.
Register warranties only through the manufacturer official website by navigating directly rather than clicking email links
Consumers
U.S.
warranty expiration phishing email scam
Phishing emails claiming your product warranty is about to expire direct you to fraudulent websites designed to steal login credentials and payment information.
Never click links in unsolicited warranty expiration emails and instead log in to your account directly on the manufacturer website
Consumers
U.S.
third-party warranty scam
Unaffiliated third-party companies sell vehicle or home service contracts with misleading mailers designed to look like official manufacturer notices.
Read the fine print on any warranty mailer carefully to determine if it is from your actual manufacturer
Car owners
U.S.
manufacturer impersonator warranty scam
Scammers impersonate well-known manufacturers like Apple, Samsung, or LG by phone or email, offering fake extended warranties that collect payments and personal data.
Hang up and call the manufacturer directly using the phone number listed on their official website
Consumers
U.S.
warranty registration fee scam
Scammers charge a fee to register a product warranty that is actually free, targeting consumers who are unfamiliar with standard warranty registration processes.
Know that most manufacturer warranties activate automatically at purchase and registration is free if required at all
Consumers
U.S.
phone screen protection plan scam
Scammers sell fake or worthless phone screen protection plans through pop-up ads, SMS, or in-person kiosk sales, collecting monthly fees for coverage that does not exist.
Purchase device protection only through your carrier, the phone manufacturer, or a well-known insurer like Asurion or AppleCare
Phone users
U.S.
App Store imposter app scam
Fraudulent apps mimic popular legitimate apps in the Apple App Store using similar names, icons, and screenshots to trick users into downloading malware or paying for useless subscriptions.
Verify the developer name before downloading and follow links from the official company website to the correct App Store listing
Smartphone users
U.S.
fleeceware subscription trap scam
Fleeceware apps offer minimal functionality for extreme subscription prices, often enrolling users during a deceptively short free trial that auto-converts to charges of up to 200 USD per year.
Always cancel subscriptions through your phone settings rather than just deleting the app
Smartphone users
U.S.
fake fitness tracker app scam
Fraudulent fitness and health apps collect sensitive biometric and health data under the guise of step counting or workout tracking, then sell or exploit this data.
Use fitness apps from established developers like Apple Health, Google Fit, Strava, or Fitbit
Smartphone users
U.S.
forex trading pool scam
Scammers recruit investors into unregistered forex trading pools promising consistent monthly profits, but use new deposits to pay existing members while pocketing the majority.
Verify any forex fund manager or trading pool is registered with the CFTC and NFA at nfa.futures.org/basicnet
Investors
U.S.
gifting circle scam
Participants are told to give a cash gift to join a circle with the promise of receiving a larger payout when they recruit enough new members, which is an illegal pyramid scheme.
Understand that gifting circles are illegal pyramid schemes regardless of what they are called
Low-income households
U.S.
real estate investment club scam
Fraudulent real estate investment clubs collect member funds for supposed property deals that never materialize, using new member contributions to pay returns to earlier members.
Verify any real estate investment through independent title searches and property records
Investors
U.S.
social media cash gifting scam
Cash gifting schemes promoted through Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook promise that sending money to a stranger will result in receiving a larger amount back from future participants.
Never send money to strangers online in exchange for a promise of a larger return
Young adults
U.S.
blessing loom scam
The blessing loom is a pyramid scheme presented as a board or flower diagram where participants pay to enter and are promised a large payout when enough new members join below them.
Recognize that the blessing loom is an illegal pyramid scheme regardless of the language used to describe it
Low-income households
U.S.
high-yield investment program (HYIP) scam
HYIPs are fraudulent online investment platforms that promise extraordinarily high returns, sometimes 1-10 percent daily, funded entirely by new investor deposits in a classic Ponzi structure.
Understand that returns of 1 percent per day would be 3,678 percent annually, which is impossible for any legitimate investment
Investors
U.S.
crowdfunding Ponzi scheme
Scammers use crowdfunding platforms or create their own to collect funds for fictional projects, using new contributions to pay fake returns to early backers before disappearing.
Research the project team independently and verify their identities and past work before backing a campaign
Investors
U.S.
wallet connect phishing airdrop scam
Scammers create fake airdrop claim sites that prompt users to connect their crypto wallet, then use malicious smart contract approvals to drain all tokens from the wallet.
Never connect your wallet to unknown websites and verify any airdrop through the project official channels
Crypto users
U.S.
token approval exploit airdrop scam
Malicious airdrop claims trick users into signing broad token approval transactions that allow scammers to transfer any amount of the approved token from the victim wallet at any time.
Review every transaction carefully in your wallet and never approve unlimited token spending for unfamiliar contracts
DeFi participants
U.S.
NFT mint drain scam
Fake NFT minting sites disguised as free airdrops or early access mints use malicious smart contracts to drain ETH or approved tokens from connected wallets during the minting process.
Only use minting links from the project official website and verify through multiple official channels before clicking
NFT collectors
U.S.
Discord airdrop bot scam
Malicious bots in crypto Discord servers send automated DMs about fake airdrops, directing users to phishing sites that steal wallet credentials or drain connected wallets.
Disable DMs from server members in your Discord privacy settings for crypto-related servers
Crypto users
U.S.
governance token scam airdrop
Scammers create fake governance tokens airdropped to wallets, and when users try to sell or interact with them, they are directed to malicious sites that drain their real assets.
Do not interact with unknown tokens that appear in your wallet uninvited as they may be honeypot scams
DeFi participants
U.S.
fake DEX launch airdrop scam
Scammers announce fake decentralized exchange launches with airdrop incentives, collecting wallet connections and token approvals that enable theft of user funds.
Research any new DEX thoroughly before connecting your wallet, checking for audits, team identity, and community history
DeFi participants
U.S.
power of attorney abuse scam
A trusted person granted power of attorney over an elderly individual's finances uses that authority to drain accounts, sell assets, or redirect funds for personal gain.
Contact Adult Protective Services (APS) in your state to report suspected financial exploitation.
Seniors
U.S.
caregiver theft from elderly
A paid or volunteer caregiver steals money, valuables, or personal information from an elderly person in their care, exploiting the trust and access their role provides.
Document missing items and suspicious transactions with dates and amounts.
Seniors
U.S.
sweetheart swindle in care home
A person befriends or feigns romantic interest in an elderly care home resident to gain access to their finances, manipulating them into gifting money or changing their will.
Alert the care facility administration and request a review of visitor logs and resident interactions.
Seniors
U.S.
reverse mortgage scam targeting elderly
Scammers or unscrupulous lenders push elderly homeowners into unfavorable reverse mortgage products, often using deceptive terms to strip home equity.
Consult a HUD-approved housing counselor before signing any reverse mortgage agreement.
Seniors
U.S.
annuity churning targeting elderly
A financial advisor repeatedly switches an elderly client's annuity products to generate commissions, often locking the client into long surrender periods with each new sale.
Request a full history of all annuity transactions and compare each replacement against the original terms.
Seniors
U.S.
trusted person financial exploitation
A family member, neighbor, or friend exploits their relationship with an elderly person to gain control of finances, often through manipulation, coercion, or undue influence.
Contact Adult Protective Services to report suspected financial exploitation.
Seniors
U.S.
guardianship fraud against elderly
A court-appointed guardian abuses their legal authority over an incapacitated elderly person, mismanaging or stealing assets while the ward has no legal recourse.
Request a full accounting from the court and review all guardian-submitted financial reports.
Seniors
U.S.
joint account manipulation targeting elderly
A family member or associate convinces an elderly person to add them to a bank account for convenience, then uses that access to drain funds without the elder's consent.
Set up account alerts and spending thresholds with the bank to monitor joint account activity.
Seniors
U.S.
inheritance advance scam targeting elderly
Scammers contact elderly individuals claiming they are entitled to a large inheritance or unclaimed estate, but must pay upfront fees for taxes, legal costs, or processing.
Never pay upfront fees to receive an inheritance — legitimate estates do not require beneficiaries to pay processing costs out of pocket.
Seniors
U.S.
fake supplier scam
A fraudulent supplier offers products at below-market prices, collects payment, and either delivers counterfeit goods, inferior products, or nothing at all.
Verify the supplier's business registration, physical address, and trade references before placing orders.
Small business owners
U.S.
directory listing scam
A company sends an invoice or renewal notice for a business directory listing that was never ordered, pressuring the business to pay for a worthless or nonexistent listing.
Review all invoices against actual purchase orders — never pay without verifying the service was ordered.
Small business owners
U.S.
SEO guarantee scam
An SEO company guarantees first-page Google rankings for a fixed fee, collects payment, and delivers either nothing, black-hat tactics that get the site penalized, or fabricated reports.
Be skeptical of any SEO company that guarantees specific rankings — legitimate agencies discuss strategy, not guaranteed outcomes.
Small business owners
U.S.
business loan advance fee scam
A fraudulent lender guarantees approval for a business loan but requires upfront fees for processing, insurance, or collateral — after payment, the loan never materializes.
Never pay upfront fees to secure a loan — legitimate lenders deduct costs from loan proceeds or charge at closing.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake government compliance notice scam
Businesses receive official-looking letters or emails claiming they must pay a fee or file paperwork to comply with a government regulation that is either fake or already handled by existing filings.
Verify any compliance requirement directly with the government agency referenced in the notice.
Small business owners
U.S.
office supply overcharge scam
A caller claims to confirm an existing supply order and ships unrequested products at inflated prices, then aggressively invoices the business.
Establish a policy that only authorized personnel can approve supply orders, and never confirm orders with unknown callers.
Small business owners
U.S.
vanity award scam
A company informs a business they have won a prestigious award, then charges fees for a trophy, plaque, or event attendance — the award has no real selection criteria.
Research the awarding organization independently — check for reviews, Better Business Bureau complaints, and verifiable past winners.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake BBB accreditation scam
Scammers impersonate the Better Business Bureau and contact businesses offering accreditation, threatening negative ratings, or charging fees for listing improvements that the real BBB never initiated.
Hang up and call your local BBB directly using the number from bbb.org to verify any communication.
Small business owners
U.S.
domain name renewal scam
A company sends a deceptive notice urging a business to renew or transfer its domain name at an inflated price, designed to look like an official renewal from the current registrar.
Always renew domains directly through your current registrar's website — never through unsolicited notices.
Small business owners
U.S.
advertising insertion order fraud
A scammer sends a business an insertion order or invoice for advertising in a publication, directory, or event program that the business never agreed to.
Require all advertising commitments to be in writing with authorized signatures before any work begins.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake Uber driver scam
An unauthorized driver approaches riders claiming to be their Uber, collects cash or takes them to a different destination — the rider has no Uber safety protections.
Always verify the driver's name, photo, vehicle make/model, and license plate in the app before entering any vehicle.
Rideshare users
U.S.
surge pricing manipulation scam
Drivers coordinate to create artificial demand in an area by simultaneously going offline, triggering surge pricing, then going back online to collect inflated fares.
Wait a few minutes before accepting a surge-priced ride — artificial surges typically resolve quickly.
Rideshare users
U.S.
vomit fee fraud scam
A rideshare driver falsely claims the rider vomited or damaged the vehicle and submits fabricated photo evidence to the platform, which charges a cleaning fee to the rider's account.
Take a photo of the back seat when you exit any rideshare vehicle as documentation.
Rideshare users
U.S.
phantom ride charge scam
A rider's account is charged for a ride that never took place — either through account compromise or a driver fraudulently starting and completing a trip without the passenger.
Review your rideshare ride history regularly and dispute any trips you do not recognize.
Rideshare users
U.S.
fake Lyft support call scam
A caller posing as Lyft support contacts drivers or riders claiming there is an account issue, then steals login credentials or payment information.
Never provide passwords, verification codes, or payment details to inbound callers — Lyft and Uber will never ask for these by phone.
Rideshare users
U.S.
rideshare account takeover via phishing
Riders receive phishing emails or texts mimicking Uber or Lyft, leading to fake login pages that capture credentials used to hijack accounts and book rides on the victim's payment method.
Never click links in texts or emails claiming to be from rideshare companies — open the app directly instead.
Rideshare users
U.S.
driver impersonation at airport scam
An unlicensed driver holds a sign or uses a tablet displaying a passenger's name at airport arrivals, impersonating a pre-booked car service to charge inflated rates or commit robbery.
Only use designated rideshare pickup zones and verify the driver and vehicle details in your app before entering.
Rideshare users
U.S.
inflated route rideshare scam
A rideshare driver intentionally takes a longer route to increase the fare, exploiting riders who are unfamiliar with the area or not monitoring the trip in the app.
Follow your trip in the app and speak up immediately if the driver deviates from the suggested route.
Rideshare users
U.S.
stolen credit card rider scam
Fraudsters use stolen credit card information to create rideshare accounts and book rides, leaving the cardholder with unauthorized charges and the platform with chargeback losses.
Monitor your credit card statements for unfamiliar rideshare charges and dispute them immediately.
Rideshare users
U.S.
rideshare vehicle rental scam
A scammer offers to rent a vehicle to aspiring rideshare drivers at inflated rates with predatory terms, often using a car that does not meet platform safety requirements.
Use official rideshare rental programs like Uber's vehicle marketplace or Hertz partnership instead of private listings.
Rideshare users
U.S.
free money from government scam
Scammers claim the government is giving away free grants to individuals, requiring only a small processing fee — no such program exists, and the fee is the scam.
The government does not contact people to offer free money — any such contact is a scam.
Low-income households
U.S.
small business grant application fee scam
A fake organization offers small business grants but requires an application fee, using professional websites and fake testimonials to appear legitimate.
Legitimate government grants are listed on grants.gov and never require application fees.
Low-income households
U.S.
pandemic relief grant scam
Scammers exploit public awareness of pandemic relief programs by offering fake COVID-19 recovery grants, collecting personal information and fees from applicants.
Verify any relief program through official government websites — usa.gov, sba.gov, or your country's equivalent.
Low-income households
U.S.
minority business grant scam
Scammers target minority business owners with fake grants designed specifically for underrepresented entrepreneurs, collecting fees and personal data.
Research any grant opportunity through the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) at mbda.gov.
Low-income households
U.S.
research grant impersonation scam
Scammers impersonate research funding agencies like the NSF or NIH, sending fake award notifications that require fees or personal information to claim.
Verify any grant notification directly through the funding agency's official website and your institution's grants office.
Low-income households
U.S.
state grant phishing scam
Phishing emails impersonate state government agencies, directing recipients to fake portals that harvest credentials and personal information under the guise of a grant application.
Access state grant programs only through official .gov websites — never through links in unsolicited emails.
Low-income households
U.S.
education grant scam
Scammers contact students or parents claiming they qualify for an education grant or scholarship that requires a fee to apply or a tax payment to receive.
Search for legitimate scholarships through your school's financial aid office, the Department of Education, or studentaid.gov.
Low-income households
U.S.
women-owned business grant scam
Fake grant programs claim to offer funding exclusively for women-owned businesses, collecting application fees and personal information from female entrepreneurs.
Research women-owned business programs through the SBA's Office of Women's Business Ownership at sba.gov.
Low-income households
U.S.
miracle weight loss pill scam
Ads promote a pill that guarantees dramatic weight loss without diet or exercise changes, using fake before-and-after photos and fabricated clinical study claims.
Be skeptical of any weight loss product that promises results without diet or exercise — the FDA has not approved any pill that does this.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
fake Ozempic scam
Scammers sell counterfeit or diluted Ozempic (semaglutide) online at discount prices, often through unlicensed pharmacies or social media sellers, posing serious health risks.
Only obtain Ozempic or semaglutide through a licensed pharmacy with a valid prescription from your healthcare provider.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
celebrity-endorsed supplement scam
Fraudulent ads use deepfakes or fabricated quotes from celebrities to promote unproven health supplements, creating a false sense of credibility.
Verify celebrity endorsements through the celebrity's official social media accounts or website.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
detox cleanse scam
Products marketed as detox or cleanse programs claim to remove toxins from the body, but contain unproven or potentially harmful ingredients and no scientific evidence of efficacy.
Consult your healthcare provider before starting any detox program — healthy kidneys and liver already detoxify your body.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
fake FDA-approved product scam
A health product falsely claims FDA approval to appear legitimate, when the FDA has never evaluated or approved it — dietary supplements do not require FDA approval before sale.
Understand that the FDA does not approve dietary supplements — only drugs and medical devices go through FDA approval.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
keto pill scam
Pills marketed as putting your body into ketosis without following a ketogenic diet use misleading claims and fake before-and-after results to sell ineffective supplements.
Research any supplement through independent review sites and verify claimed celebrity or TV show endorsements.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
anti-aging cream scam
Skin care products make exaggerated anti-aging claims — erasing wrinkles, reversing aging — using doctored photos and fake dermatologist endorsements to sell overpriced, ineffective creams.
Be skeptical of any skin care product claiming to reverse aging — consult a board-certified dermatologist for proven treatments.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
muscle building supplement scam
Supplements claiming to dramatically increase muscle mass or boost testosterone use fabricated before-and-after photos and fake pro athlete endorsements to sell ineffective or unsafe products.
Look for supplements that disclose exact ingredient amounts rather than hiding behind proprietary blends.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
fake clinical trial results scam
Health products cite fabricated or misrepresented clinical studies to claim scientific backing, using invented journal names or distorted findings from real studies.
Search for the cited study on PubMed (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) or ClinicalTrials.gov to verify it exists.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
subscription vitamin trap scam
A personalized vitamin quiz funnels consumers into an expensive monthly subscription that is nearly impossible to cancel, with auto-ship charges that escalate over time.
Read the full subscription terms before providing payment information, especially the renewal price and cancellation policy.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
browser popup virus alert scam
A full-screen browser popup mimics a Windows or macOS system alert, claiming your computer is infected and urging you to call a phone number or download software immediately.
Force-close the browser using Task Manager (Ctrl+Alt+Delete) or Force Quit (Cmd+Option+Esc) — do not call the number.
Non-technical users
U.S.
fake Windows Defender alert scam
A webpage or popup imitates a Windows Defender notification, warning of detected threats and directing the user to call a support number or download a removal tool.
Close the browser tab or force-quit the browser — real Windows Defender alerts never appear in a browser.
Non-technical users
U.S.
rogue security software install scam
A website prompts you to install a free security tool that claims to find dozens of threats on your computer, then demands payment to remove them.
Uninstall the rogue software immediately using your system's Add/Remove Programs or a legitimate anti-malware tool like Malwarebytes.
Non-technical users
U.S.
tech support popup scam
A persistent browser popup warns of a critical security issue and instructs you to call a toll-free number, where scammers charge for unnecessary remote support services.
Press Ctrl+Shift+Esc (Windows) or Cmd+Option+Esc (Mac) to force-quit the browser without calling the number.
Non-technical users
U.S.
fake malware scan results scam
A website runs an animated fake scan of your computer, displaying fabricated threats to trick you into downloading software or paying for a premium cleanup service.
Close the tab immediately — no legitimate website can scan your local files through a browser.
Non-technical users
U.S.
antivirus subscription auto-renew scam
An email or popup claims your antivirus subscription has auto-renewed for a large amount, urging you to call to cancel — the goal is to gain remote access or steal payment info.
Check your bank or credit card statement directly — do not use the phone number in the email.
Non-technical users
U.S.
fake Norton renewal email scam
A phishing email impersonates Norton LifeLock with a fake invoice for annual renewal, directing you to call a number where scammers attempt to gain remote access to your computer.
Do not call the number — go to norton.com directly and check your account for any active subscriptions.
Non-technical users
U.S.
McAfee impersonator popup scam
A browser notification or popup mimics McAfee branding, claiming your subscription has expired or threats have been detected, and pushes you to renew through a fake payment page.
Revoke notification permissions in your browser settings for any site you do not recognize.
Non-technical users
U.S.
system cleaner scam
Software marketed as a PC optimizer or system cleaner claims your computer has hundreds of errors, then charges a fee to fix fabricated issues while potentially installing additional unwanted programs.
Uninstall the system cleaner using Windows Add/Remove Programs and run a legitimate malware scan.
Non-technical users
U.S.
age verification link scam
A dating app match sends you a link to an external site claiming you need to verify your age before meeting, which harvests your credit card information.
Never click external links sent by matches — legitimate dating apps handle verification within the app.
Online daters
U.S.
identity verification phishing scam
A dating app match asks you to verify your identity through a third-party website that collects personal information including your name, date of birth, and Social Security number.
Never share your Social Security number or government ID through a link sent by a dating match.
Online daters
U.S.
safe dating website redirect scam
A match on a dating app suggests moving the conversation to a 'safe dating website' that requires registration with a credit card, which then charges hidden fees.
Stay on the original dating platform — there is no legitimate reason to move to an unknown external site.
Online daters
U.S.
video chat verification scam
A dating match insists on verifying identity through a specific video chat app that requires payment or downloads malware onto your device.
Suggest a mainstream video app like FaceTime, Zoom, or Google Meet — a legitimate person will agree.
Online daters
U.S.
background check fee scam
A dating match asks you to pay for a background check on them as a trust-building gesture, directing you to a fake background check site that pockets the fee.
Do not pay for background checks through links sent by dating matches.
Online daters
U.S.
dating safety ID scam
A match demands you obtain a 'dating safety ID' or 'hookup clearance' through a website that charges your credit card for a worthless verification badge.
Recognize that no legitimate dating platform requires a separate safety ID — this is always a scam.
Online daters
U.S.
photo verification scam
A dating app match asks you to verify your photos through an external site that collects your selfie and personal data for identity theft or deepfake creation.
Use only the built-in verification features of dating apps — Bumble, Tinder, and Hinge all have native photo verification.
Online daters
U.S.
premium membership phishing scam
A message claiming to be from a dating app offers a free premium membership upgrade via a link that leads to a phishing page designed to steal your login credentials.
Only upgrade your dating app membership through the official app or website — never through external links.
Online daters
U.S.
date location check-in scam
A dating match asks you to check in at a specific venue through a link before your date for safety purposes, but the link is a phishing page that steals your personal data.
Share your location with a trusted friend using built-in phone features instead of external check-in links.
Online daters
U.S.
STI testing verification scam
A dating match demands you get tested for STIs through a specific website before meeting, which charges for a fake test or collects your health and payment information.
Get STI testing through your own healthcare provider or a reputable clinic — never through a link from a dating match.
Online daters
U.S.
application fee scholarship scam
A scholarship opportunity requires an upfront application or processing fee, which legitimate scholarships never charge, and the scholarship itself does not exist.
Never pay to apply for a scholarship — legitimate scholarships do not charge application fees.
High school students
U.S.
guaranteed scholarship scam
A service guarantees you will win a scholarship or promises your money back, but delivers nothing and makes refunds nearly impossible to obtain.
Understand that no one can guarantee you will win a scholarship — selection is always competitive.
High school students
U.S.
scholarship seminar fee scam
A company invites students to a free scholarship seminar that turns into a high-pressure sales pitch for expensive financial aid consulting services.
Never sign up for paid services under pressure at a seminar — take materials home and research the company first.
High school students
U.S.
scholarship search service scam
A service charges a fee to search for scholarships on your behalf, but provides only a generic list of publicly available opportunities you could find for free.
Use free scholarship search engines like Fastweb, Scholarships.com, College Board BigFuture, or your school's financial aid portal.
High school students
U.S.
essay contest scam
A fake essay contest promises a large scholarship prize but collects entry fees or steals submitted essays for resale, with no real winner ever selected.
Research the contest sponsor before entering — legitimate contests are sponsored by known organizations and have verifiable past winners.
High school students
U.S.
athletic scholarship scam
A recruiting service claims a college scout noticed your child and charges thousands for a recruiting package that produces no actual scholarship offers.
Contact college coaches directly or use the NCAA Eligibility Center — legitimate recruiting does not require upfront fees from families.
High school students
U.S.
international student scholarship scam
A fake scholarship targets international students with promises of full-tuition awards, requiring application fees and personal documents that are used for identity theft.
Verify scholarships through the university's official international student office — never through third-party websites alone.
International students
U.S.
merit award notification scam
An unsolicited email or letter congratulates you on winning a merit-based scholarship you never applied for, then asks for a disbursement fee or tax payment to release the funds.
Remember that you cannot win a scholarship you never applied for — treat unsolicited awards as scams.
High school students
U.S.
evil twin airport WiFi scam
An attacker sets up a WiFi network with the same name as a legitimate airport hotspot, intercepting all data transmitted by connected users including passwords and financial information.
Confirm the exact network name and authentication process with airport staff before connecting.
Travelers
U.S.
hotel WiFi phishing scam
A fake hotel WiFi login page mimics the hotel's branding and asks for your room number, name, and credit card to provide internet access, stealing your payment information.
Verify the exact WiFi network name and login procedure at the front desk before connecting.
Travelers
U.S.
coffee shop man-in-the-middle scam
An attacker on the same coffee shop WiFi network intercepts communications between your device and the router, capturing sensitive data or injecting malicious content.
Always use a VPN on public WiFi — it encrypts all traffic and prevents interception.
Remote workers
U.S.
fake captive portal scam
A rogue WiFi network presents a convincing login page that mimics a legitimate business, collecting your email, social media credentials, or payment information.
Never enter social media or email passwords on a WiFi login page — legitimate portals do not require them.
Public WiFi users
U.S.
Bluetooth proximity attack scam
An attacker exploits Bluetooth connections in crowded public spaces to send malicious files, access device data, or push unwanted notifications to nearby phones.
Set your Bluetooth to non-discoverable or turn it off entirely when not actively using it.
Travelers
U.S.
juice jacking charging station scam
Public USB charging stations at airports and hotels are compromised to install malware or extract data from connected phones while they charge.
Carry your own charger and plug into a power outlet rather than using public USB ports.
Travelers
U.S.
fake mobile hotspot scam
An attacker shares a mobile hotspot with a generic name like 'Free WiFi' in a public area, capturing all traffic from users who connect.
Be suspicious of generic open WiFi networks, especially in areas without advertised free internet.
Travelers
U.S.
WiFi Pineapple attack scam
A WiFi Pineapple device is used to automatically impersonate saved WiFi networks on your device, tricking it into connecting and exposing your data to the attacker.
Regularly clear saved WiFi networks from your device, especially open networks from hotels, airports, and cafes.
Business travelers
U.S.
public library WiFi spoofing scam
An attacker creates a fake WiFi network mimicking a public library's hotspot, targeting patrons who use library computers and WiFi for banking, email, and job applications.
Confirm the exact WiFi name with library staff and look for posted network information at the help desk.
Public WiFi users
U.S.
event venue fake network scam
A fake WiFi network at a conference, concert, or sporting event mimics the venue's official network to capture data from thousands of attendees simultaneously.
Check the event program, app, or organizer's website for official WiFi network details before connecting.
Travelers
U.S.
vendor invoice spoofing scam
Scammers impersonate a company's existing vendor and send a fake invoice with updated banking details, diverting legitimate payments to a fraudulent account.
Always verify banking detail changes by calling the vendor directly using a phone number from your records — not from the email.
Small business owners
U.S.
domain renewal invoice scam
A fake invoice arrives by mail or email urging you to renew your domain name through an unauthorized registrar at an inflated price, sometimes transferring your domain away.
Check your actual registrar account directly to verify your domain's renewal status and expiry date.
Small business owners
U.S.
SEO services invoice scam
An unsolicited invoice for SEO or website listing services is sent to businesses that never ordered them, hoping the accounts payable team will pay without questioning it.
Verify every invoice against purchase orders and approved vendor lists before authorizing payment.
Small business owners
U.S.
office supplies invoice scam
Scammers send fake invoices for office supplies such as toner, paper, or printer cartridges that were never ordered, targeting businesses that process many similar invoices.
Instruct staff to never provide equipment or ordering details to unsolicited callers.
Small business owners
U.S.
subscription service invoice scam
A fake invoice for a software subscription or SaaS product is sent to businesses, mimicking real services like cloud storage, CRM tools, or collaboration platforms.
Maintain a central registry of all software subscriptions and cross-reference every invoice against it.
Small business owners
U.S.
cloud hosting invoice scam
A fake invoice claiming to be from AWS, Google Cloud, or another hosting provider demands payment for services, targeting companies that use multiple cloud vendors.
Verify all cloud invoices by logging directly into your provider's billing console — AWS, Google Cloud, and Azure all have online billing dashboards.
Small business owners
U.S.
advertising invoice scam
A fake invoice for advertising services — such as a Yellow Pages listing, online directory, or Google Ads — is sent to businesses that never authorized the purchase.
Read every invoice carefully, including fine print — look for disclaimers indicating it is a solicitation, not a bill.
Small business owners
U.S.
trademark registration invoice scam
After filing a trademark, businesses receive fake invoices from unofficial entities demanding payment for trademark registration, monitoring, or publication services.
Only pay trademark fees through the official trademark office website (USPTO.gov in the US) or through your registered attorney.
Small business owners
U.S.
annual report filing fee scam
A company receives an official-looking notice demanding payment for its annual report filing, but the notice comes from a private company charging far more than the actual government fee.
File your annual report directly through your state's Secretary of State website to pay only the actual government fee.
Small business owners
U.S.
government compliance invoice scam
A fake invoice demands payment for mandatory government compliance services such as labor law poster updates, OSHA certifications, or ADA compliance reviews that were never ordered.
Verify any compliance requirements directly with the relevant government agency — OSHA, DOL, or your state's labor department.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake HOA fee notice scam
Homeowners receive official-looking letters or emails demanding immediate HOA dues payment to a fraudulent account, often mimicking their real association's branding.
Always verify payment changes by calling your HOA management company directly using the number on your original contract.
Homeowners
U.S.
special assessment fraud scam
Fraudsters send fake special assessment notices demanding large one-time payments for fabricated building repairs or community improvements.
Verify any special assessment by contacting your HOA board or attending the next board meeting.
Condo owners
U.S.
condo presale deposit scam
Scammers advertise presale units in condo developments that are either nonexistent or not affiliated with the real developer, collecting reservation deposits that vanish.
Verify the developer's identity through your city's building permit office and state real estate commission.
Property buyers
U.S.
fake DNA testing kit scam
Scammers sell counterfeit or nonexistent DNA testing kits online, collecting payment and personal genetic data without providing legitimate results.
Only purchase DNA testing kits from established, well-reviewed companies with CLIA-certified labs.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
ancestry subscription trap scam
Websites offer free ancestry searches that require credit card information for verification, then quietly enroll users in expensive recurring subscriptions that are difficult to cancel.
Read all terms and conditions before entering payment information for any free trial.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
genetic health report upsell scam
After a legitimate or fake DNA test, scammers contact consumers offering expensive genetic health reports that provide generic or medically meaningless advice.
Consult a licensed genetic counselor or your doctor before paying for genetic health interpretations.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
fake heritage discovery scam
Scammers contact people claiming their DNA results reveal a connection to royalty, a wealthy family, or an unclaimed inheritance, then charge fees to pursue the claim.
Treat any unsolicited claim of wealthy or royal ancestry as a scam — legitimate genealogists do not cold-contact people.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
DNA data selling scam
Unscrupulous DNA testing companies or data brokers harvest and sell consumers' genetic data to third parties — including insurers and advertisers — without informed consent.
Read the full privacy policy and data-sharing terms before submitting DNA to any testing service.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
relative matching phishing scam
Scammers send emails posing as DNA testing services claiming a new relative match has been found, directing victims to fake login pages that steal their credentials.
Never click login links in emails — go directly to the testing company's website by typing the URL in your browser.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
ethnic heritage award scam
Victims receive notices claiming they have been selected for a prestigious ethnic or cultural heritage award, requiring fees for the ceremony, plaque, or certificate.
Research any organization offering unsolicited awards by checking with established cultural institutions.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
genealogy research service scam
Fraudulent genealogy researchers charge hundreds or thousands of dollars for family history research that produces fabricated, plagiarized, or freely available public records.
Hire genealogists credentialed through recognized bodies like the Board for Certification of Genealogists.
Genealogy enthusiasts
U.S.
fake adoption search scam
Scammers target adopted individuals by claiming to have found their birth parents through DNA matching, charging large fees for fabricated search results.
Work with licensed adoption search agencies or your state's adoption registry for legitimate searches.
Adopted individuals
U.S.
DNA diet plan scam
Companies sell expensive personalized diet and nutrition plans claiming to be based on DNA analysis, but the recommendations are generic and not scientifically supported by the test results.
Consult a registered dietitian before following any DNA-based diet plan.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
CEO urgent request phishing scam
An email appears to come from a company executive urgently requesting a wire transfer, gift card purchase, or sensitive data, exploiting the recipient's desire to comply with authority.
Always verify unusual financial or data requests through a separate communication channel — call the executive directly.
Office workers
U.S.
password reset phishing scam
A fake password reset notification urges the recipient to click a link and enter their current credentials, which are captured by attackers.
Never click password reset links you did not request — navigate directly to the service's website.
Office workers
U.S.
shared document notification phishing scam
A fake notification claims someone has shared a document with you via Google Drive, OneDrive, or Dropbox, leading to a credential-harvesting login page.
Hover over the link to inspect the URL before clicking — legitimate shares come from official domains.
Office workers
U.S.
invoice attachment malware scam
An email with a fake invoice attachment installs malware when opened, giving attackers access to the victim's computer and network.
Never open attachments from unknown senders — verify invoices by contacting the vendor directly.
Office workers
U.S.
account suspension notice phishing scam
A fake email warns that your email, bank, or streaming account will be suspended unless you verify your identity immediately, directing you to a credential-stealing page.
Log into your account directly by typing the URL in your browser — never use links from warning emails.
Office workers
U.S.
two-factor authentication bypass phishing scam
Attackers use real-time phishing toolkits to capture both passwords and two-factor authentication codes simultaneously, defeating standard MFA protections.
Use hardware security keys (FIDO2/WebAuthn) which are resistant to real-time phishing proxy attacks.
IT administrators
U.S.
email forwarding rule hijack scam
After compromising an email account, attackers silently create forwarding rules that copy all incoming messages to an external address, enabling long-term surveillance.
After any account compromise, immediately check your email rules and forwarding settings — remove anything you did not create.
Office workers
U.S.
calendar invite phishing scam
Attackers send calendar invitations containing phishing links in the event description or location field, which automatically appear in the victim's calendar.
Change your calendar settings to not automatically add events from email invitations.
Office workers
U.S.
unsubscribe link trap scam
Phishing emails include a malicious unsubscribe link that, when clicked, confirms your email address is active and leads to credential theft or malware installation.
Do not click unsubscribe in emails from unknown senders — mark the email as spam instead.
Office workers
U.S.
reply-chain hijacking scam
Attackers compromise an email account and insert malicious messages into existing email threads, exploiting the trust established in ongoing conversations.
Be cautious of unexpected attachments or links even in existing email threads.
Office workers
U.S.
fake court summons email scam
An email claims you have been issued a court summons and must click a link to view the details, leading to malware installation or credential theft.
Remember that real courts serve legal notices by mail or in person — never by email.
Citizens
U.S.
fake passport renewal website scam
Third-party websites charge inflated fees to submit passport renewal applications, often delivering no service or submitting incomplete paperwork.
Apply for passport services only through your government's official website — travel.state.gov in the US.
Citizens
U.S.
fake building permit website scam
Scam websites pose as local government permit offices, charging homeowners and contractors for building permits that are never filed or processed.
Apply for building permits only through your city or county's official government website or in person at the permit office.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake visa application website scam
Fraudulent websites impersonate official government visa portals, collecting application fees and personal data from travelers without processing any actual visa application.
Apply for visas and travel authorizations only through official government immigration websites.
Travelers
U.S.
fake tax filing portal scam
Fraudulent websites impersonate IRS or tax authority portals, tricking taxpayers into entering Social Security numbers, income data, and banking details for identity theft and fraudulent refund claims.
File taxes only through IRS-authorized e-file providers listed at irs.gov or use IRS Free File.
Citizens
U.S.
email then phone call combo scam
Scammers send a phishing email followed by a phone call referencing the email to add legitimacy, pressuring the victim into acting on the fraudulent request.
Treat unsolicited phone calls that reference emails as suspicious — hang up and call the organization directly using their official number.
Business professionals
U.S.
text then email follow-up scam
A smishing text alerts the victim to a problem, followed by a detailed phishing email with a malicious link or attachment, using the text to prime the victim to expect the email.
Be suspicious when a text message and email arrive about the same topic from unknown sources.
All consumers
U.S.
social media then DM scam
Scammers build credibility through public social media interactions before moving to private DMs where they execute phishing attacks, romance scams, or investment fraud.
Be cautious of new contacts who engage publicly before quickly moving to private messages.
Online users
U.S.
QR code to phishing site scam
Malicious QR codes placed on flyers, parking meters, restaurant menus, or in emails redirect scanners to phishing websites that steal credentials or install malware.
Preview the URL before opening it — most phone cameras show the destination before you tap.
All consumers
U.S.
voicemail then text scam
Scammers leave an urgent voicemail and follow up with a text containing a malicious link, using the voicemail to make the text appear legitimate.
Never click links in text messages prompted by unsolicited voicemails.
Older adults
U.S.
mail then phone call scam
Scammers send an official-looking letter by postal mail, then call to follow up, using the physical letter as proof of legitimacy to extract payment or personal information.
Verify any letter by contacting the organization directly using contact information from their official website — not from the letter.
Older adults
U.S.
chatbot to phishing link scam
A fake customer support chatbot on a legitimate-looking website builds trust through conversation before directing the user to a phishing page to verify their account or process a refund.
Only use chatbots on verified official websites — check the URL matches the real company's domain.
Online users
U.S.
fake app notification then email scam
A push notification from a malicious app warns of a security issue, followed by a phishing email with instructions to resolve it, creating a convincing multi-channel attack.
Open the official app directly from your home screen rather than clicking links in emails referencing notifications.
Online users
U.S.
search ad to fake site scam
Scammers buy search engine ads for popular services, placing fake websites above legitimate results where they capture login credentials and payment information.
Skip sponsored search results and scroll to organic listings, or type the URL directly into your browser.
All consumers
U.S.
video call then credential harvest scam
Scammers set up a video call posing as IT support, a vendor, or colleague, then share a screen link or chat message during the call that leads to credential theft.
Never enter credentials while sharing your screen in a video call.
Business professionals
U.S.
Amazon fake seller marketplace scam
Fraudulent sellers create listings on Amazon with stolen product photos and impossibly low prices, collect payment, then never ship the item or send a counterfeit product.
Only buy from sellers with established history and verified reviews — check the seller profile before purchasing.
Online shoppers
U.S.
Amazon brushing package scam
You receive unsolicited packages from Amazon that you never ordered — a sign that a seller is using your address to post fake verified reviews and inflate their product ratings.
Report the unsolicited packages to Amazon customer service and check your account for unauthorized access.
Online shoppers
U.S.
Amazon Prime membership phishing scam
Scammers send emails or texts claiming your Amazon Prime membership is expiring, has a billing problem, or needs verification, directing you to a fake Amazon login page that steals your credentials.
Never click links in unexpected Prime renewal messages — go directly to amazon.com and check your membership status.
Amazon Prime members
U.S.
Amazon fake customer service number scam
Scammers post fake Amazon customer service phone numbers on search engines and social media. When victims call, the fake agents request remote access to their computer or demand payment via gift cards.
Only contact Amazon support through the official app or website — never search for phone numbers online.
Older adults
U.S.
Amazon gift card payment scam
Scammers impersonate authority figures — government agents, employers, or Amazon itself — and demand victims purchase Amazon gift cards and share the redemption codes as a form of payment.
No legitimate organization or government agency will ever demand payment in gift cards — hang up immediately.
Older adults
U.S.
Amazon order confirmation phishing scam
You receive an email or text confirming a large purchase you never made, with a link to 'cancel' the order that leads to a phishing site designed to steal your Amazon credentials and payment information.
Do not click any links — log into your Amazon account directly at amazon.com and check 'Your Orders' for the supposed purchase.
Online shoppers
U.S.
Amazon fake return refund scam
Scammers contact Amazon sellers or buyers claiming a return was never received or a refund is owed, manipulating the process to keep both the product and the money.
Sellers should photograph and weigh all outgoing shipments and use tracking with signature confirmation.
Amazon sellers
U.S.
Amazon delivery driver impersonator scam
Scammers pose as Amazon delivery drivers, approaching homes to steal packages, gather personal information, or gain access to residences under the pretense of delivering or verifying an order.
Amazon drivers never ask for payment at the door or request personal identification to complete a delivery.
Homeowners
U.S.
Amazon Web Services phishing scam
Phishing emails impersonate AWS, claiming account suspension, billing issues, or security alerts, directing cloud service users to fake login portals that steal credentials and compromise business infrastructure.
Never click links in AWS notification emails — go directly to the AWS Management Console at console.aws.amazon.com.
Developers
U.S.
Amazon fake product review job scam
Scammers recruit people through social media or text messages for 'paid Amazon review' jobs, eventually requesting upfront payments for products to review or stealing personal information during the onboarding process.
Legitimate companies do not recruit product reviewers through unsolicited texts or social media messages offering easy money.
Job seekers
U.S.
PayPal invoice scam
Scammers send real PayPal invoices for products or services you never ordered — such as cryptocurrency purchases or tech support — hoping you will call the embedded phone number and hand over personal information or remote access.
If you receive an invoice for something you did not buy, do not call the phone number — log into PayPal directly and decline the invoice.
PayPal users
U.S.
PayPal friends and family payment trick scam
A seller or scammer insists on receiving payment through PayPal's Friends and Family option, which has no buyer protection — if the product never arrives, there is no way to file a dispute or get a refund.
Always use PayPal's Goods and Services option for any purchase — the small fee provides full buyer protection.
Online shoppers
U.S.
PayPal account limitation phishing scam
Phishing emails or texts claim your PayPal account has been limited or suspended due to suspicious activity, directing you to a fake login page that harvests your credentials.
Never click links in PayPal alert emails — open a browser and go directly to paypal.com to check your account status.
PayPal users
U.S.
PayPal unauthorized transaction email scam
A fake email alerts you to a large unauthorized PayPal transaction, urging you to click a link or call a number to dispute it — leading to credential theft or remote access fraud.
Check your PayPal account directly at paypal.com — if there is no matching transaction, the email is fake.
PayPal users
U.S.
PayPal overpayment refund scam
A buyer 'accidentally' overpays a seller through PayPal using a stolen credit card or bad check, then asks the seller to refund the excess — when the original payment reverses, the seller loses both the product and the refunded amount.
Never refund overpayments to a different account or by a different payment method — refund only through PayPal's built-in refund feature to the original sender.
Online sellers
U.S.
fake PayPal app scam
Scammers show in-person sellers a fake PayPal app with a fabricated payment confirmation screen, making it appear that payment was sent when no real transaction occurred.
Never release goods based on a buyer's screen — always verify the payment has arrived in your own PayPal account or email.
In-person sellers
U.S.
PayPal buyer protection loophole scam
Scammers exploit gaps in PayPal's buyer protection by shipping empty boxes with valid tracking numbers, shipping to a different zip code, or using categories exempt from protection to defraud buyers.
Request signature confirmation for purchases over 750 USD and document unboxing with video.
Online shoppers
U.S.
PayPal business account phishing scam
Targeted phishing emails impersonate PayPal Business communications, warning of compliance issues, tax form requirements, or payment holds to trick business owners into surrendering account credentials.
PayPal will never ask you to submit tax documents or verify business details through an email link — always use the PayPal Business dashboard directly.
Small business owners
U.S.
PayPal fake payment confirmation scam
A buyer sends a forged PayPal confirmation email to a seller to make it appear that payment has been sent, tricking the seller into shipping goods before discovering no actual payment was received.
Never rely on email notifications alone — always verify payments by logging into your PayPal account directly.
Online sellers
U.S.
PayPal money request scam
Scammers send PayPal money requests with urgent messages in the memo field, claiming you owe money, need to pay a fee, or must act immediately — hoping recipients will pay without questioning the request.
Decline any money request from someone you do not recognize — you are never obligated to pay an unsolicited PayPal request.
PayPal users
U.S.
Cash App money flip scam
Scammers promise to multiply your money through a Cash App 'flip' — send them a small amount and they will return a much larger sum. The money is never returned.
There is no legitimate way to multiply money by sending it to a stranger — this is always a scam.
Young adults
U.S.
Cash App fake customer support scam
Scammers pose as Cash App support agents on social media, phone, or fake websites, requesting login credentials, PINs, or sign-in codes to 'resolve' account issues while actually stealing account access.
Cash App support is only available through the app itself — tap the profile icon and select 'Support.' There is no official Cash App phone number for customer support.
Cash App users
U.S.
Bitcoin investment via Cash App scam
Scammers recruit victims through social media to invest in Bitcoin through Cash App, promising guaranteed returns — victims either send Bitcoin directly to the scammer or lose control of their Cash App account.
No one can guarantee returns on cryptocurrency — guaranteed profit claims are always a scam.
Young adults
U.S.
Cash App account verification phishing scam
Phishing emails or texts claim your Cash App account needs identity verification to avoid suspension, directing you to a fake site that steals your login credentials, Social Security number, and banking details.
Cash App identity verification is only done within the official app — never through email links or external websites.
Cash App users
U.S.
Apple ID locked phishing scam
A phishing email or text claims your Apple ID has been locked due to suspicious activity, directing you to a fake Apple login page that steals your credentials.
Do not click any links — go directly to appleid.apple.com to check your account status.
iPhone users
U.S.
iCloud storage upgrade scam
A fake notification warns that your iCloud storage is full and offers a discounted upgrade, leading to a phishing page that harvests payment information.
Check your actual iCloud storage through Settings on your Apple device, not through email links.
iPhone users
U.S.
fake App Store purchase alert scam
A fraudulent email claims you made an expensive App Store purchase you did not authorize, urging you to click a cancellation link that leads to a credential-stealing site.
Check your actual purchase history in the App Store app or at reportaproblem.apple.com.
iPhone users
U.S.
fake AppleCare warranty scam
Scammers call or email claiming your AppleCare warranty is expiring, pressuring you to renew immediately through a fraudulent payment process.
Hang up on unsolicited calls about AppleCare — Apple does not make outbound warranty renewal calls.
iPhone users
U.S.
Apple gift card payment demand scam
Scammers posing as government agencies, utilities, or law enforcement demand payment via Apple gift cards, claiming it is the only way to resolve a fine, debt, or legal issue.
No legitimate organization ever demands payment in gift cards — hang up immediately.
Older adults
U.S.
FaceTime screen recording scam
Scammers initiate a FaceTime call, trick the victim into sharing sensitive information on screen, then use the recording for blackmail or identity theft.
Never share your screen on FaceTime with anyone you did not initiate the call with.
Young adults
U.S.
fake Apple support call scam
Robocalls or live callers impersonate Apple Support, claiming your iCloud account has been breached and requesting remote access to your device or payment to fix the issue.
Hang up immediately — Apple never makes unsolicited phone calls about account problems.
Older adults
U.S.
iMessage phishing link scam
A text message sent via iMessage impersonates Apple, a delivery service, or a toll agency, containing a malicious link designed to steal login credentials or install malware.
Never reply to texts from unknown senders — replying enables malicious links in iMessage.
iPhone users
U.S.
Apple Pay unauthorized charge scam
A phishing email or text claims there is an unauthorized charge on your Apple Pay account, directing you to a fake dispute page that steals your financial information.
Check your transaction history directly in the Wallet app on your iPhone — do not use links from messages.
Apple Pay users
U.S.
Find My iPhone ransom scam
After compromising an Apple ID, scammers use Find My to remotely lock the victim's iPhone or Mac and display a ransom message demanding payment to unlock it.
Contact Apple Support directly at support.apple.com with proof of ownership to regain access to your account.
iPhone users
U.S.
Windows license expired popup scam
A fake browser popup claims your Windows license has expired and you must call a support number or pay immediately to reactivate, leading to tech support fraud.
Close the browser using Task Manager (Ctrl+Alt+Delete) if the popup cannot be dismissed normally.
Windows users
U.S.
Microsoft 365 renewal phishing scam
A phishing email claims your Microsoft 365 subscription is expiring and you must update your payment information, redirecting to a fake Microsoft login page.
Check your subscription status directly at account.microsoft.com, never through email links.
Business professionals
U.S.
Teams meeting invite phishing scam
A fake Microsoft Teams meeting invitation arrives by email, and clicking the join link leads to a credential harvesting page disguised as the Teams login.
Hover over the meeting link before clicking to verify it points to a legitimate Microsoft domain.
Business professionals
U.S.
Outlook account suspended phishing scam
A phishing email warns that your Outlook or Hotmail account has been suspended for violating terms of service, urging you to verify your identity on a fake page.
Sign in to your Outlook account directly at outlook.com to verify its status — if you can log in, it is not suspended.
Email users
U.S.
fake Microsoft support call scam
A caller claiming to be from Microsoft says they have detected a virus or security problem on your computer and requests remote access to fix it for a fee.
Hang up immediately — Microsoft will never call you unsolicited about your computer.
Older adults
U.S.
OneDrive sharing notification phishing scam
A fake OneDrive sharing notification email claims someone shared a document with you, but the link leads to a credential-stealing page.
Verify the sender by contacting them through a separate channel before clicking any shared document link.
Business professionals
U.S.
Xbox account compromise scam
Scammers contact Xbox players claiming their account has been compromised, asking for login details or payment to restore access.
Never share your password or two-factor codes with anyone — Xbox Support will never ask for them.
Gamers
U.S.
Windows Defender alert popup scam
A fake browser popup mimics a Windows Defender alert claiming your computer is infected, urging you to call a fraudulent support number immediately.
Press Ctrl+Alt+Delete and use Task Manager to force-close the browser — do not call the number.
Windows users
U.S.
Azure billing phishing scam
IT administrators receive fake Azure billing alerts claiming unusual charges or failed payments, leading to credential theft through a fake Azure portal login.
Verify billing directly at portal.azure.com — never use links from email notifications.
IT administrators
U.S.
LinkedIn recruiter scam
Fake recruiters on LinkedIn offer dream job opportunities, then request personal information, fees for training, or install malware through fake application documents.
Verify the recruiter by checking their LinkedIn profile history and confirming their identity through the company's official website.
Job seekers
U.S.
Google Business Profile verification scam
Scammers posing as Google contact business owners claiming their Google Business Profile needs immediate verification or will be removed from search results.
Know that Google does not charge for business profile verification and rarely makes unsolicited calls about it.
Small business owners
U.S.
Gmail account recovery phishing scam
A phishing email or notification claims someone is trying to access your Gmail account, directing you to a fake Google login page to steal your credentials.
Go directly to myaccount.google.com/security to review recent security activity — never use links from emails.
Gmail users
U.S.
Google Ads billing scam
Advertisers receive fake Google Ads billing notifications about failed payments or suspicious charges, leading to phishing pages that steal account credentials.
Check your billing status directly at ads.google.com — never through email links.
Digital marketers
U.S.
Google Voice verification code scam
A person you are communicating with online asks you to share a Google Voice verification code, then uses it to create a Google Voice number linked to your account for future scams.
Never share verification codes with anyone — they are meant only for you.
Online sellers
U.S.
fake Google review extortion scam
Scammers threaten to flood a business with fake negative Google reviews unless the business pays a fee, or offer to remove existing negative reviews for a price.
Do not pay — report the fake reviews to Google through your Business Profile by flagging each one as inappropriate.
Small business owners
U.S.
Google Calendar invite spam scam
Scammers send unsolicited Google Calendar invitations containing phishing links or fake prize notifications that automatically appear on the victim's calendar.
Change your Google Calendar settings to only show invitations you have explicitly accepted.
Gmail users
U.S.
Google Workspace admin phishing scam
IT administrators receive fake Google Workspace notifications about policy changes, license issues, or security alerts, leading to admin credential theft.
Access the admin console directly at admin.google.com — never through email links.
IT administrators
U.S.
Google Maps business listing scam
Scammers create or hijack Google Maps business listings with fake phone numbers, intercepting calls meant for legitimate businesses to redirect customers or steal information.
Always verify a business phone number by checking their official website before calling a number from Google Maps.
Consumers
U.S.
Chrome extension malware scam
Malicious Chrome extensions disguised as useful tools steal browsing data, inject ads, or capture credentials from every website the victim visits.
Review installed extensions regularly at chrome://extensions and remove any you do not recognize or no longer use.
Chrome users
U.S.
YouTube monetization scam
Fake emails claim to be from YouTube's Partner Program, asking creators to verify their monetization status through a phishing link that steals their Google account credentials.
Check monetization status directly in YouTube Studio at studio.youtube.com — not through email links.
YouTube creators
U.S.
TikTok Creator Fund scam
Fake messages claim you have been selected for the TikTok Creator Fund or Creativity Program, directing you to a phishing site to steal your account credentials and payment information.
Check your Creator Fund status directly in the TikTok app under Creator tools — never through external links.
TikTok creators
U.S.
fake brand deal DM scam
Scammers impersonate brands or talent agencies in TikTok DMs, offering sponsorship deals that require the creator to pay upfront fees or share sensitive account access.
Verify brand deals by checking the company's official website and contacting them through their listed business email.
TikTok creators
U.S.
TikTok Shop counterfeit goods scam
Sellers on TikTok Shop or promoted through TikTok videos sell counterfeit or grossly misrepresented products at prices that seem like great deals.
Research sellers and read reviews before purchasing — check for patterns of complaints about product quality.
Online shoppers
U.S.
TikTok live stream gift card scam
Scammers on TikTok Live promise prizes, giveaways, or cash rewards in exchange for viewers sending virtual gifts or purchasing gift cards and sharing the codes.
Do not send TikTok gifts or share gift card codes to strangers based on giveaway promises.
Teenagers
U.S.
TikTok account verification phishing scam
A fake message claims your TikTok account needs verification to avoid suspension, directing you to a phishing page that steals your login credentials.
TikTok sends security notifications through the app — check your inbox within the TikTok app directly.
TikTok users
U.S.
TikTok resume feature exploit scam
Scammers post fake job listings on TikTok encouraging users to submit video resumes, then harvest the personal information shared in those videos for identity theft.
Never share sensitive personal information like your address, date of birth, or ID numbers in a video resume.
Job seekers
U.S.
fake viral challenge prize scam
Scammers create fake TikTok challenges promising cash prizes to participants, then collect personal information or fees from users who believe they have won.
Be skeptical of any challenge promising easy money — legitimate contests have verifiable sponsors and published rules.
Teenagers
U.S.
TikTok adult content bot scam
Bot accounts on TikTok post suggestive comments or send DMs luring users to external adult content sites that steal credit card information or install malware.
Do not click links in DMs or comments from accounts you do not know.
Young adults
U.S.
crypto promotion by fake influencer on TikTok
Fake or compromised TikTok accounts impersonate popular influencers to promote fraudulent cryptocurrency investments, leading followers to lose money on worthless tokens.
Never invest based solely on social media influencer recommendations — always do independent research.
Young adults
U.S.
TikTok Creativity Program impersonator scam
Scammers impersonate TikTok's Creativity Program, offering fake invitations to creators with promises of higher payouts in exchange for personal information or a setup fee.
Check Creativity Program eligibility directly in the TikTok app under Creator tools.
TikTok creators
U.S.
Craigslist cashier's check overpayment scam
A buyer sends a cashier's check for more than the asking price and asks the seller to wire back the difference, but the check is fraudulent and bounces after the seller sends real money.
Never accept payment for more than the agreed price — this is the hallmark of an overpayment scam.
Online sellers
U.S.
Craigslist fake rental listing scam
Scammers post fake rental listings using photos stolen from legitimate real estate sites, collecting deposits and first month's rent from multiple victims for properties they do not own.
Never send money for a rental you have not physically visited — verify the property exists and the 'landlord' owns it.
Renters
U.S.
Craigslist car sale escrow scam
A car listed on Craigslist is offered at a great price with the seller suggesting a fake escrow service to handle the transaction, stealing the buyer's payment.
Never buy a vehicle sight-unseen, no matter how good the deal seems — insist on seeing it in person.
Car buyers
U.S.
Craigslist job posting advance fee scam
Fake job postings on Craigslist require applicants to pay for training, background checks, or equipment before starting, then the job turns out to not exist.
Never pay money to start a job — legitimate employers cover the cost of training and background checks.
Job seekers
U.S.
Craigslist ticket resale scam
Scammers sell fake or duplicate concert, sports, or event tickets on Craigslist, leaving buyers unable to enter the venue.
Buy resale tickets only through verified platforms like Ticketmaster, StubHub, or SeatGeek that offer buyer guarantees.
Concert-goers
U.S.
Craigslist moving service bait-and-switch scam
A moving company on Craigslist offers a low quote, then holds belongings hostage on the truck and demands a much higher payment on moving day.
Only hire movers with a valid USDOT number (verify at safer.fmcsa.dot.gov) and positive reviews on multiple platforms.
Renters
U.S.
Craigslist pet sale deposit scam
Scammers post listings for puppies or kittens on Craigslist, collect a deposit for the animal, and then disappear without delivering the pet.
Always meet the pet and the seller in person before paying anything.
Pet buyers
U.S.
Craigslist electronics too-good-to-be-true price scam
Listings for popular electronics like iPhones, gaming consoles, or laptops at far below retail price turn out to be stolen goods, counterfeits, or nonexistent items.
If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is — research fair market prices before buying.
Bargain hunters
U.S.
Craigslist romance through personal ads scam
Scammers use Craigslist personal ads or community sections to initiate fake romantic relationships, eventually requesting money for emergencies, travel, or medical bills.
Never send money to someone you have not met in person, regardless of how strong the emotional connection feels.
Older adults
U.S.
Craigslist fake buyer shipping label scam
A buyer offers to send a prepaid shipping label for a Craigslist item, but the label is fraudulent or routes the package to the wrong address, leaving the seller without the item or payment.
For Craigslist, prefer local cash transactions — if you must ship, create and pay for the label yourself.
Online sellers
U.S.
LinkedIn fake recruiter message scam
Scammers pose as recruiters from well-known companies on LinkedIn, sending unsolicited messages about high-paying job opportunities to harvest personal information or advance fees.
Verify the recruiter by checking the actual company's website and calling their HR department directly.
Job seekers
U.S.
LinkedIn connection request phishing scam
Attackers send connection requests with phishing links disguised as shared documents or professional resources, leading to credential-harvesting pages.
Never click links in LinkedIn connection requests from people you do not recognize.
Professionals
U.S.
LinkedIn fake job posting scam
Fraudulent job listings on LinkedIn collect applicant data or trick candidates into paying for equipment, certifications, or background checks that never materialize into real employment.
Research the company independently — check their official website and look for the job listing there.
Job seekers
U.S.
LinkedIn Learning impersonator scam
Fake messages claim to offer free or discounted LinkedIn Learning courses, directing users to phishing sites that steal login credentials or payment information.
Access LinkedIn Learning only through the official LinkedIn website or app — never through links in unsolicited messages.
Professionals
U.S.
LinkedIn Premium account phishing scam
Phishing emails disguised as LinkedIn Premium upgrade offers or billing alerts trick users into entering credentials on fake login pages.
Check your LinkedIn subscription status by logging in directly at linkedin.com — never through emailed links.
Professionals
U.S.
LinkedIn CEO impersonation InMail scam
Scammers create fake LinkedIn profiles of company executives and send InMail to employees requesting urgent wire transfers, gift card purchases, or confidential data.
Always verify financial requests through a separate channel — call the executive directly using a known phone number.
Finance professionals
U.S.
LinkedIn fake company page scam
Fraudulent LinkedIn company pages impersonate legitimate businesses to post fake job listings, collect applicant data, and redirect users to malicious websites.
Verify the company page by checking for a matching official website, cross-referencing employee profiles, and looking at the page's creation date.
Job seekers
U.S.
LinkedIn verification badge scam
Phishing messages offer to help users get a 'verified' badge on LinkedIn, directing them to fake sites that steal credentials or charge fraudulent fees.
LinkedIn's identity verification is done through the official app using a government ID and selfie — never through external links or payments.
Professionals
U.S.
LinkedIn salary survey data harvest scam
Fake salary surveys circulated on LinkedIn collect sensitive employment and financial data under the guise of industry benchmarking research.
Only participate in salary surveys from verified organizations — check the research firm's website and reputation independently.
Professionals
U.S.
LinkedIn endorsement-for-access scam
Scammers offer to endorse your LinkedIn skills in exchange for clicking a link or downloading a file, which installs malware or leads to a credential-harvesting page.
Never download files or click links from LinkedIn connections you do not know personally.
Professionals
U.S.
Coinbase account suspended phishing scam
Phishing emails or texts claim your Coinbase account has been suspended due to suspicious activity, directing you to a fake login page that steals your credentials and two-factor codes.
Never click links in emails or texts about account issues — log in directly at coinbase.com to check your account status.
Cryptocurrency investors
U.S.
fake Coinbase Wallet app scam
Counterfeit Coinbase Wallet apps published on unofficial app stores or promoted through ads steal seed phrases and drain cryptocurrency holdings.
Only download Coinbase Wallet from the official Apple App Store or Google Play Store — verify the developer is Coinbase Inc.
Cryptocurrency investors
U.S.
Coinbase customer support impersonator scam
Scammers pose as Coinbase support agents via phone calls, social media, or fake support websites to trick users into sharing login credentials or granting remote access to their devices.
Coinbase support will never call you first, ask for your password, or request remote access to your device.
Cryptocurrency investors
U.S.
Coinbase Earn impersonator scam
Fake websites and social media posts imitate the Coinbase Earn program, promising free cryptocurrency for completing tasks, but steal credentials or require an upfront deposit that is never returned.
Access Coinbase Earn only through the official Coinbase app or website — the real program never requires a deposit.
New crypto users
U.S.
Coinbase withdrawal verification phishing scam
Fake emails alert users to a large withdrawal from their Coinbase account and prompt them to 'cancel' the transaction through a phishing link that captures their credentials.
Check your account directly at coinbase.com — if there is no pending withdrawal, the email is fake.
Cryptocurrency investors
U.S.
fake Coinbase Pro upgrade scam
Scammers promote a fraudulent 'Coinbase Pro upgrade' through emails or ads, tricking users into transferring cryptocurrency to a fake platform where funds are stolen.
Coinbase merged Coinbase Pro into its main platform as Advanced Trade — there is no separate upgrade process requiring fund transfers.
Active traders
U.S.
Coinbase seed phrase harvest scam
Scammers pose as Coinbase staff and convince users to reveal their wallet seed phrases through fake security procedures, gaining full access to all cryptocurrency in the wallet.
No legitimate company, including Coinbase, will ever ask for your seed phrase — this is the single most important rule in crypto security.
New crypto users
U.S.
Coinbase card skimming scam
Fake Coinbase Card management portals capture debit card details, enabling unauthorized transactions and ATM withdrawals linked to victims' crypto balances.
Manage your Coinbase Card only through the official Coinbase app — never through links in emails or messages.
Coinbase Card users
U.S.
Coinbase fake listing alert scam
Scammers announce fake cryptocurrency listings on Coinbase to pump worthless tokens, then dump them after victims buy in based on the false news.
Check official Coinbase channels — blog.coinbase.com and the official Coinbase Twitter/X account — for legitimate listing announcements.
Cryptocurrency investors
U.S.
Coinbase Commerce invoice scam
Fraudulent invoices sent via Coinbase Commerce or mimicking its interface trick businesses and individuals into paying for goods or services they never ordered.
Never pay an invoice you did not expect — verify with the supposed sender through a separate communication channel.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake Uber driver at airport scam
Imposters posing as Uber drivers approach travelers at airports, offering rides in unmarked vehicles and charging inflated fares or, in worst cases, committing robbery.
Always request your Uber through the app and verify the driver's name, photo, car make/model, and license plate before getting in.
Travelers
U.S.
Uber account compromise phishing scam
Phishing emails or texts impersonate Uber, claiming suspicious account activity and directing users to fake login pages that steal credentials and payment information.
Log into your Uber account directly through the official app to check for any issues — do not click links in suspicious messages.
Uber riders
U.S.
Uber Eats delivery scam
Scammers posing as Uber Eats drivers contact customers claiming issues with delivery and ask for payment details or verification codes to 'complete' the order.
Never share verification codes, credit card details, or passwords with anyone claiming to be an Uber Eats driver.
Uber Eats customers
U.S.
Uber surge price manipulation scam
Drivers coordinate to temporarily go offline in busy areas to artificially trigger surge pricing, then go back online to collect inflated fares from passengers.
Wait a few minutes before booking when you see sudden surge pricing — artificial surges typically resolve quickly.
Uber riders
U.S.
fake Uber support call scam
Scammers call Uber riders or drivers claiming to be from Uber support, requesting login credentials or payment information to resolve a fabricated account issue.
Uber support communicates primarily through the app — hang up on unsolicited calls claiming to be from Uber.
Uber riders
U.S.
Uber gift card payment for ride scam
Fake Uber drivers or scammers posing as Uber support demand payment via gift cards instead of the app, often targeting elderly passengers or those unfamiliar with the platform.
Uber never requests payment through gift cards — all ride payments are processed through the app.
Older adults
U.S.
Uber rental car bait-and-switch scam
Drivers using Uber Rent or third-party rental vehicles swap confirmed car details at the last minute, arriving in a different vehicle and sometimes charging additional fees off-platform.
Never get into a vehicle that does not match the details in your Uber app — make, model, color, and license plate must all match.
Uber riders
U.S.
Uber lost item fee scam
Dishonest drivers falsely report that a passenger left an item in their car, triggering a cleaning or return fee charged to the passenger's account for an item that was never lost.
Check your Uber receipts after every ride and dispute any unrecognized charges immediately through the app.
Uber riders
U.S.
fake Uber job posting scam
Scammers post fake Uber corporate or driver recruitment listings that require applicants to pay for background checks, training, or equipment upfront.
Sign up to drive for Uber only through the official website at uber.com/drive or the Uber Driver app.
Job seekers
U.S.
Uber Pro rewards phishing scam
Phishing messages targeting Uber drivers promise bonus rewards, status upgrades, or cash incentives through the Uber Pro program, leading to credential theft.
Check your Uber Pro status and rewards only through the official Uber Driver app.
Uber drivers
U.S.
Airbnb off-platform payment request scam
Hosts convince guests to pay outside the Airbnb platform to avoid service fees, leaving travelers with no payment protection and often no actual reservation.
Never pay for an Airbnb stay outside the Airbnb platform — the platform's payment system includes guest protection and dispute resolution.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb fake listing photos scam
Scammers use stolen or heavily edited photos to advertise properties on Airbnb that either do not exist, are significantly different from what is shown, or belong to someone else.
Use reverse image search on listing photos to check if they appear elsewhere online.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb bait-and-switch property scam
Guests book an appealing property on Airbnb but upon arrival, the host claims an issue and moves them to a significantly inferior property with no refund option.
Contact Airbnb support immediately if a host tries to relocate you — do not accept a switch without Airbnb's involvement.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb fake host identity scam
Scammers create Airbnb host accounts using stolen identities and list properties they do not own or control, collecting payments that disappear before check-in.
Book with Superhosts or hosts with extensive verified review histories whenever possible.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb early check-in fee scam
Hosts charge guests an additional off-platform fee for early check-in that was not part of the original listing agreement, taking advantage of travel fatigue and urgency.
Get any early check-in agreements in writing through Airbnb's messaging system before booking — this creates a documented record.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb hidden camera privacy scam
Some Airbnb hosts install hidden cameras in their properties to record guests in private spaces, violating privacy laws and potentially using footage for extortion or voyeurism.
Scan the property upon arrival — check for unusual objects with tiny holes, use your phone camera to detect infrared lights, and scan the Wi-Fi network for unknown devices.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb damage claim extortion scam
Hosts file fraudulent damage claims against guests after checkout, submitting fake or pre-existing damage photos to collect repair fees through Airbnb's resolution center.
Photograph the entire property at check-in and check-out to have timestamped evidence of its condition.
Travelers
U.S.
Airbnb last-minute cancellation scam
Hosts cancel confirmed bookings at the last minute when they find they can charge a higher price to another guest, leaving the original traveler stranded without accommodation.
Report the cancellation to Airbnb and request rebooking assistance — Airbnb's AirCover may help find comparable accommodation.
Travelers
U.S.
fake Airbnb support scam
Scammers impersonate Airbnb customer support via phone calls, emails, or fake help websites to steal login credentials, payment information, or trick users into making off-platform payments.
Contact Airbnb support only through the official app or airbnb.com — never through phone numbers found in Google search results.
Travelers
U.S.
USPS tracking number phishing scam
Phishing emails provide a fake USPS tracking number and link, directing recipients to a spoofed tracking page that installs malware or steals personal information.
Track packages only by entering the tracking number directly at usps.com — never click tracking links in emails.
Online shoppers
U.S.
UPS delivery notification text scam
A text message impersonating UPS claims a package cannot be delivered and asks the recipient to click a link to update delivery preferences, leading to a credential-harvesting phishing site.
Do not click any links — go directly to ups.com and enter your tracking number manually.
Online shoppers
U.S.
UPS tracking update phishing email
A phishing email mimics UPS tracking notifications with a fake tracking number and a link that installs malware or captures login credentials.
Never click tracking links in emails — copy the tracking number and enter it directly at ups.com.
Online shoppers
U.S.
UPS customs clearance fee scam
A message claims your UPS international shipment is held at customs and you must pay a clearance fee via a link, which is a phishing page designed to steal payment information.
Contact UPS directly through the official website or phone number to verify any customs charges.
International shoppers
U.S.
UPS My Choice account phishing scam
A phishing email claims your UPS My Choice account needs verification or has been compromised, directing you to a fake login page to steal your credentials.
Log in to your UPS My Choice account by typing ups.com directly into your browser.
UPS My Choice members
U.S.
UPS failed delivery attempt notice scam
A door tag, email, or text claims UPS attempted delivery and failed, asking you to call a fake number or visit a fake site to reschedule — leading to a phone scam or phishing page.
Verify any delivery attempt by entering the InfoNotice number at ups.com or calling 1-800-742-5877.
Homeowners
U.S.
UPS shipping label email malware scam
A phishing email claims to contain a UPS shipping label attachment, but the file is malware disguised as a PDF or ZIP that installs a trojan or ransomware on the victim's computer.
Never open unexpected attachments — UPS does not send shipping labels via unsolicited email.
Small business owners
U.S.
UPS driver impersonation scam
A person wearing a UPS-like uniform arrives at a home or business claiming a COD payment is required, additional fees are owed, or requesting a signature on a device that captures personal information.
Verify any COD shipment by calling UPS at 1-800-742-5877 before making any payment.
Homeowners
U.S.
UPS package rerouting fee scam
A text or email claims your UPS package needs to be rerouted and charges a small fee, which is used to harvest credit card information on a phishing site.
Manage package rerouting only through the official UPS website or UPS My Choice app.
Online shoppers
U.S.
UPS holiday shipping deadline scam
During peak holiday seasons, scammers send urgent emails claiming your package will miss the holiday deadline unless you pay an expedited shipping fee, harvesting payment details.
Check your actual shipment status directly on ups.com using your real tracking number.
Online shoppers
U.S.
FedEx shipment on hold text scam
A text message claims your FedEx shipment is on hold due to an incomplete address, directing you to a phishing link to update delivery details and pay a redelivery fee.
Do not click links in text messages — check shipment status directly at fedex.com.
Online shoppers
U.S.
FedEx delivery address confirmation scam
An email claims FedEx could not confirm your delivery address and asks you to click a link to verify, leading to a credential-harvesting phishing page.
Verify your shipment directly at fedex.com using your tracking number.
Online shoppers
U.S.
FedEx Express customs fee scam
A phishing email claims your FedEx Express international shipment requires a customs clearance payment before delivery, directing to a fake payment portal.
Contact FedEx directly at 1-800-463-3339 to verify any customs charges.
International shoppers
U.S.
FedEx package return notification scam
An email claims your FedEx package is being returned to sender due to failed delivery and asks you to click a link to prevent the return, leading to a phishing page or malware download.
Log in to fedex.com directly to check your delivery status — do not use links from emails.
Online shoppers
U.S.
FedEx failed delivery voicemail scam
An automated voicemail claims FedEx attempted delivery and instructs you to press a number or call back a fake number, connecting you to a scammer who extracts personal and payment information.
Do not call back numbers from suspicious voicemails — use the official FedEx number 1-800-463-3339.
Seniors
U.S.
FedEx Ground tracking scam
A phishing email or text impersonates FedEx Ground with a fake tracking number, directing victims to a lookalike tracking page that harvests personal information.
Always track packages by going directly to fedex.com and entering the number manually.
Online shoppers
U.S.
FedEx commercial invoice phishing scam
A phishing email targets businesses with a fake FedEx commercial invoice attachment that contains malware or links to a credential-harvesting portal.
Verify any FedEx invoices by logging in to your FedEx Billing Online account at fedex.com.
Small business owners
U.S.
FedEx account billing scam
A phishing email claims there is an issue with your FedEx shipping account billing, directing you to a fake portal to update payment information.
Access your FedEx account billing by navigating directly to fedex.com.
Small business owners
U.S.
FedEx delivery exception notification scam
A phishing message claims a delivery exception has occurred on your FedEx shipment, urging you to click a link to resolve the issue — leading to a fake site that steals credentials or installs malware.
Check for legitimate delivery exceptions by logging in to fedex.com directly.
Online shoppers
U.S.
eBay second-chance offer scam
A fake email claims you have received a second-chance offer on an eBay auction you lost, directing you to pay off-platform for an item the scammer never intends to ship.
Legitimate second-chance offers appear in your eBay Messages and are processed through eBay checkout.
eBay buyers
U.S.
eBay empty box shipment scam
A seller ships an empty box or a box filled with worthless items to generate a valid tracking number, then disputes any buyer complaint by pointing to the delivered tracking confirmation.
Record a video when opening packages from unknown sellers as proof of what was received.
eBay buyers
U.S.
eBay off-platform payment request scam
A seller contacts a buyer directly to complete the transaction outside of eBay using Zelle, Venmo, wire transfer, or gift cards, eliminating all eBay buyer protections.
Never pay for eBay items outside of eBay's managed payments system.
eBay buyers
U.S.
fake eBay invoice email scam
A phishing email mimics an eBay invoice for a purchase you never made, prompting you to click a link to dispute or cancel the charge, which leads to a credential-harvesting page.
Check your eBay purchase history by logging in directly at ebay.com — do not click email links.
eBay users
U.S.
eBay buyer protection loophole scam
Sellers exploit eBay's buyer protection system by listing items with misleading descriptions that technically match the listing while delivering something far less valuable than what the buyer expected.
Read the full item description carefully, especially for high-value items at below-market prices.
eBay buyers
U.S.
eBay counterfeit luxury item scam
Sellers list counterfeit luxury goods — handbags, watches, sneakers — as authentic on eBay, often with stolen photos from legitimate retailers.
Use eBay's Authenticity Guarantee program for eligible categories like watches, sneakers, and handbags.
Luxury shoppers
U.S.
eBay shill bidding scam
A seller uses secondary accounts or accomplices to place fake bids on their own auctions, artificially inflating the final price legitimate buyers pay.
Review the bidding history for patterns — look for accounts that repeatedly bid on the same seller's items.
eBay auction bidders
U.S.
eBay Motors vehicle scam
Fake vehicle listings on eBay Motors offer cars at below-market prices, with sellers insisting payment be made through a fake eBay vehicle purchase protection program before the buyer can inspect the car.
eBay does not offer a vehicle purchase protection escrow program — any reference to it is a scam.
Car buyers
U.S.
eBay account suspension phishing scam
A phishing email claims your eBay account has been suspended or restricted and asks you to verify your identity through a link, which captures your login credentials.
Check your account status by logging in directly at ebay.com — do not use links from emails.
eBay users
U.S.
eBay gift card payment scam
A seller or a separate scammer requests eBay gift cards as payment for goods, services, or to resolve a fake problem — once the codes are shared, the money is gone.
eBay gift cards can only be used on ebay.com — they are never a valid payment method for anything else.
eBay buyers
U.S.
fake tax software scam
Scammers create counterfeit tax preparation software or fake versions of popular platforms that harvest personal and financial information entered by users.
Only use IRS-authorized e-file providers listed at irs.gov/e-file-providers.
Taxpayers
U.S.
charitable donation receipt fraud
Scammers sell fake charitable donation receipts to taxpayers seeking inflated deductions, or fraudulent charities issue inflated receipts for minimal donations to enable tax fraud.
Verify any charity's tax-exempt status using the IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search at irs.gov/charities.
Taxpayers
U.S.
black friday fake deal scam
Scammers create fake online stores or social media ads offering impossibly low Black Friday prices on popular electronics and brand-name goods, then steal payment information or ship counterfeit items.
Verify deals by going directly to the retailer's official website rather than clicking social media ads.
Online shoppers
U.S.
cyber monday phishing email scam
Phishing emails disguised as Cyber Monday deal alerts from major retailers contain malicious links that steal login credentials and payment information.
Navigate directly to the retailer's official website or app instead of clicking email links.
Online shoppers
U.S.
gift card balance check scam
Fraudulent websites pose as gift card balance checkers for popular retailers, capturing card numbers and PINs to drain the balance before the legitimate cardholder can use them.
Check gift card balances only on the issuing retailer's official website or by calling the number on the back of the card.
Gift card holders
U.S.
fake charity holiday drive scam
Scammers create fraudulent charities or impersonate legitimate ones during the holiday season, soliciting donations through emotional appeals that go directly to the scammer's pockets.
Verify charities at give.org, charitynavigator.org, or your state's charity registration database before donating.
Donors
U.S.
porch pirate package theft scam
Thieves systematically follow delivery trucks or use tracking information from data breaches to steal packages from doorsteps during the peak holiday shipping season.
Use delivery lockers, require signature confirmation, or have packages delivered to a secure location like your workplace.
Online shoppers
U.S.
fake shipping notification scam
Scammers send fake shipping notifications via text or email impersonating carriers like USPS, FedEx, or UPS during the holidays, leading victims to phishing sites or malware downloads.
Do not click links in unexpected shipping notifications — track packages directly on the carrier's official website.
Online shoppers
U.S.
holiday seasonal job scam
Fake job listings promise high-paying seasonal holiday work at major retailers or shipping companies, then steal applicants' personal data or charge upfront fees for nonexistent positions.
Apply for seasonal jobs directly through the retailer's official careers page, not through third-party links.
Job seekers
U.S.
counterfeit toy scam
Fake online stores and marketplace sellers offer popular toys at steep discounts during the holiday season, delivering counterfeit products that may contain hazardous materials like lead paint or choking hazards.
Purchase toys only from authorized retailers and check the Consumer Product Safety Commission at cpsc.gov for recalls.
Parents
U.S.
fake holiday travel deal scam
Scammers advertise deeply discounted holiday travel packages via social media and email, collecting full payment for flights and hotels that are never booked.
Book travel through established platforms and verify any deal by calling the airline or hotel directly with the confirmation number.
Travelers
U.S.
secret santa gift exchange pyramid scam
Social media posts invite people to join a Secret Santa gift exchange where you send one gift and receive 6-36 in return, which is actually an illegal pyramid scheme where most participants lose money.
Do not participate — these gift exchanges are illegal pyramid schemes under federal law regardless of the gift value.
Social media users
U.S.
fake textbook deal scam
Scam websites and social media sellers offer college textbooks at steep discounts, then deliver counterfeit copies, wrong editions, or nothing at all after collecting payment.
Purchase textbooks only from your campus bookstore, Amazon, Chegg, or other established resellers with buyer protection.
College students
U.S.
dorm furniture marketplace scam
Fake sellers on Facebook Marketplace, Craigslist, and campus buy/sell groups list dorm furniture at attractive prices, collect deposits or full payment, then never deliver the items.
Only purchase furniture you can inspect in person, and meet in a public place on campus.
College students
U.S.
fake campus job scam
Fraudulent job offers sent to student email addresses promise easy on-campus or remote work with high pay, then trick students into depositing fake checks or sharing personal data.
Verify campus job offers through your university's official career center or human resources office.
College students
U.S.
roommate finder scam
Fake roommate listings on housing boards and apps collect deposits and first-month rent from students for apartments that do not exist or are not controlled by the scammer.
Never send money for housing you have not visited in person or verified through the university's official housing office.
College students
U.S.
fake student discount card scam
Scammers sell worthless student discount cards or memberships that promise savings at major retailers and restaurants but provide no legitimate discounts.
Use free, legitimate student discount platforms like UNiDAYS, Student Beans, or your school's official discount programs.
College students
U.S.
laptop deal phishing scam
Phishing ads and emails target students with fake back-to-school laptop deals from major brands, leading to credential theft or purchase of nonexistent products.
Purchase electronics only from authorized retailers or your school's official technology store with education pricing.
College students
U.S.
fake scholarship deadline scam
Scammers contact students claiming they have won or been selected for a scholarship but must pay processing fees or provide personal information by an urgent deadline to claim it.
Legitimate scholarships never require application or processing fees — any request for payment is a scam.
High school seniors
U.S.
school supply fundraiser scam
Scammers posing as school officials or parent-teacher organizations solicit donations for school supply drives that do not exist, pocketing the money intended for students.
Verify fundraisers directly with the school administration before donating.
Parents
U.S.
fake tutoring service scam
Fraudulent tutoring services collect upfront payments from students and parents for sessions that are never delivered, or use the engagement to harvest personal and financial information.
Use your school's official tutoring center or vetted platforms like Wyzant or Tutor.com that offer payment protection.
College students
U.S.
fake vacation rental scam
Scammers post fake vacation rental listings using photos stolen from legitimate properties, collect full payment or deposits, then leave travelers with no accommodation upon arrival.
Book and pay only through the official platform (Airbnb, Vrbo) and never send money outside the platform.
Travelers
U.S.
airline ticket phishing scam
Phishing emails and fake websites impersonate major airlines offering flash sales or notification of itinerary changes, stealing credit card details and frequent flyer credentials.
Access airline deals and booking changes only through the airline's official app or by typing the airline URL directly.
Travelers
U.S.
fake travel agency scam
Fraudulent travel agencies advertise all-inclusive summer packages at unbeatable prices, collect full payment, and then provide no services, leaving travelers stranded.
Verify travel agencies through the American Society of Travel Advisors (ASTA) directory and check for state seller of travel registration.
Travelers
U.S.
fake cruise deal scam
Scammers advertise free or deeply discounted cruise vacations through robocalls and social media, collecting payment and personal information for cruises that are never booked.
Hang up on unsolicited calls about free cruises — legitimate cruise lines do not cold-call with free offers.
Travelers
U.S.
rental car bait-and-switch scam
Third-party booking sites advertise rental cars at prices far below market, then add hidden fees at pickup or provide a lower-class vehicle while charging for the reserved one.
Book rental cars directly from established companies (Hertz, Enterprise, Avis) or through well-known platforms like Kayak or Google Flights.
Travelers
U.S.
travel insurance scam
Fraudulent companies sell fake travel insurance policies that provide no actual coverage, leaving travelers without protection when they need to file claims for cancellations or emergencies.
Purchase travel insurance only from providers rated by AM Best or listed on your state's insurance department website.
Travelers
U.S.
currency exchange rip-off scam
Unregulated currency exchange booths and apps target summer tourists with extremely unfavorable exchange rates and hidden commissions, costing travelers 10-30% more than fair rates.
Use your bank's ATM abroad for the best exchange rates, and choose to be charged in the local currency to avoid dynamic currency conversion markups.
International travelers
U.S.
fake Red Cross donation scam
Scammers impersonate the American Red Cross after disasters, soliciting donations through fake websites, phone calls, and social media that divert funds from legitimate relief efforts.
Donate to the Red Cross only through redcross.org (US), redcross.ca (Canada), or redcross.org.uk (UK).
Donors
U.S.
disaster GoFundMe fraud scam
Scammers create fraudulent crowdfunding campaigns after natural disasters using stolen photos and fabricated stories, pocketing donations meant for disaster victims.
Donate to established disaster relief organizations rather than individual crowdfunding campaigns unless you personally know the recipient.
Donors
U.S.
fake evacuation notice scam
Scammers send fake emergency evacuation alerts via text, email, or social media to create panic, then use the opportunity to burglarize evacuated homes or phish for personal information.
Verify evacuation orders through official sources: local emergency management, NOAA Weather Radio, or your county's emergency alert system.
Residents
U.S.
missing person donation scam
Scammers exploit natural disasters by creating fake fundraisers for supposedly missing persons, using stolen photos and fabricated stories to collect donations from concerned members of the public.
Share missing person reports only from verified sources such as local police departments, the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, or official emergency management agencies.
Social media users
U.S.
funeral insurance scam targeting seniors
Scammers sell fake or grossly overpriced funeral insurance policies to seniors by exploiting fears about burdening their families with burial costs.
Verify any insurance company's license with your state's Department of Insurance before paying anything.
Seniors
U.S.
computer repair door-to-door scam
Individuals go door to door offering computer repair or virus removal services to seniors, then install malware, steal data, or charge exorbitant fees for unnecessary work.
Never allow unsolicited visitors access to your computer — legitimate tech companies do not make door-to-door service calls.
Seniors
U.S.
sweepstakes phone call scam targeting seniors
Callers tell seniors they have won a sweepstakes or lottery and must pay taxes or fees upfront to claim the prize, which does not exist.
Remember that legitimate sweepstakes never require upfront payment — it is illegal under US and Canadian law.
Seniors
U.S.
fake grandchild social media message scam
Scammers hack or impersonate a grandchild's social media account and message grandparents with an urgent request for money, claiming an emergency.
Always verify by calling your grandchild directly on their known phone number before sending any money.
Seniors
U.S.
romance scam on senior dating site
Scammers create fake profiles on dating sites popular with seniors, build emotional relationships over weeks or months, then request money for fabricated emergencies.
Never send money to someone you have only met online, regardless of how strong the connection feels.
Seniors
U.S.
home security pushy sales scam targeting seniors
Aggressive door-to-door salespeople pressure seniors into signing long-term home security contracts with hidden fees, equipment charges, and difficult cancellation terms.
Never sign a contract at the door — take the materials, read everything, and consult family or a lawyer first.
Seniors
U.S.
retirement account advisor impersonation scam
Scammers impersonate financial advisors or representatives from brokerage firms and convince seniors to transfer retirement savings into fraudulent investment accounts.
Never transfer retirement funds based on an unsolicited call — hang up and call your brokerage directly using the number on your account statement.
Seniors
U.S.
fake internship offer scam targeting students
Students receive unsolicited emails offering prestigious internships that require upfront fees for training materials, background checks, or equipment, but the internship does not exist.
Verify any internship offer by contacting the company's HR department directly through their official website.
College students
U.S.
textbook buyback scam targeting students
Fake textbook buyback services offer high prices for used textbooks, collect the books from students, and then never send payment or pay a fraction of the quoted price.
Sell textbooks through established platforms like Amazon, Chegg, or your campus bookstore that have buyer protections.
College students
U.S.
fake study abroad program scam
Fraudulent companies advertise study abroad programs that collect thousands in fees for housing, tuition, and visa assistance but provide no actual program or support upon arrival.
Only use study abroad programs vetted by your university's international programs office.
College students
U.S.
campus apartment deposit scam
Scammers list fake apartments near college campuses at below-market rates and collect security deposits and first-month rent from multiple students for properties they do not own.
Never send money for a rental you have not physically visited or verified through the property management company.
College students
U.S.
student ambassador MLM scam
Companies recruit college students as brand ambassadors in programs structured as multi-level marketing schemes, requiring purchases of inventory and recruitment of other students to earn money.
Research any brand ambassador opportunity on the FTC website and check if the company has been flagged as an MLM or pyramid scheme.
College students
U.S.
fake university email phishing scam
Phishing emails disguised as official university communications trick students into entering their login credentials on fake portals, giving attackers access to student accounts, financial aid, and personal data.
Never click login links in emails — navigate directly to your university's portal by typing the URL in your browser.
College students
U.S.
student bank account offer scam
Scammers offer students new bank accounts with large sign-up bonuses, then use the accounts as money mule conduits for laundering stolen funds, making the student criminally liable.
Never allow anyone else to use your bank account or open an account at someone else's request.
College students
U.S.
fake research assistant job scam
Students receive emails offering paid research assistant positions at their university that require purchasing supplies or software upfront with a fraudulent check that later bounces.
Verify any job offer by contacting the professor or department directly through your university's directory.
College students
U.S.
graduation ceremony ticket scam
Scammers sell fake extra graduation ceremony tickets to students and families through social media and third-party websites, taking payment for tickets that do not exist or are counterfeit.
Only obtain graduation tickets through your university's official ticketing system or registrar's office.
College students
U.S.
translation service overcharge scam targeting immigrants
Scammers operating near immigration offices charge immigrants grossly inflated prices for simple document translations, sometimes producing inaccurate or unusable translations.
Get translation quotes from multiple ATA-certified translators before committing — compare prices online.
Immigrants
U.S.
work permit advance fee scam
Scammers posing as employment agencies or sponsors demand upfront fees from immigrants to secure work permits or employer sponsorship that they cannot deliver.
Legitimate employers pay for sponsorship — you should never have to pay for your own work visa sponsorship.
Immigrants
U.S.
deportation threat robocall scam
Automated robocalls in multiple languages threaten immigrants with deportation or arrest warrants and demand immediate payment to resolve fabricated immigration violations.
Hang up on any robocall threatening deportation — the government does not use robocalls to communicate immigration enforcement actions.
Immigrants
U.S.
fake remote job posting scam
Scammers post attractive remote job listings on legitimate job boards, conducting fake interviews and collecting personal information or upfront fees from applicants before disappearing.
Verify any job offer by visiting the company's official website and contacting their HR department directly.
Remote workers
U.S.
remote job equipment purchase scam
New remote hires are told to purchase equipment from a specific vendor using a company check that later bounces, leaving the employee out of pocket for the full amount.
Legitimate employers provide equipment directly or reimburse after verified purchase — they never send checks to buy from unknown vendors.
Remote workers
U.S.
fake coworking membership scam
Scammers create fake coworking space listings or websites offering discounted memberships, collecting payments for spaces that do not exist or are not affiliated with the real location.
Verify coworking spaces by visiting the location in person or checking their verified profiles on Google Maps before paying.
Remote workers
U.S.
VPN phishing scam targeting remote workers
Phishing emails impersonate corporate IT departments and direct remote workers to fake VPN login pages that capture their corporate credentials.
Never click VPN login links in emails — always access your corporate VPN through the official application or bookmark.
Remote workers
U.S.
fake HR onboarding scam for remote workers
Scammers impersonate HR departments of companies and send fake onboarding documents to new remote hires, collecting tax forms, identification, and bank details for identity theft.
Verify the onboarding process by calling the company's main number and asking to speak with the HR contact who sent the documents.
Remote workers
U.S.
payroll redirect scam targeting remote workers
Scammers compromise or impersonate an employee's email and send payroll or HR a request to change direct deposit information, diverting paychecks to the scammer's account.
Always verify direct deposit change requests through a phone call to the employee using a known number, not the one in the email.
Remote workers
U.S.
fake home office stipend scam
Scammers posing as employers offer remote workers a home office stipend via check that is fraudulent, asking the worker to purchase items and return the excess funds.
Legitimate home office stipends are reimbursed after purchase or provided through corporate purchasing — never through personal check overpayment.
Remote workers
U.S.
Slack impersonation scam targeting remote workers
Scammers gain access to a Slack workspace or create convincing fake Slack notifications to trick remote workers into clicking malicious links or sharing credentials.
Never click links in Slack notification emails — open Slack directly through the app or bookmark.
Remote workers
U.S.
fake freelance platform scam
Scammers create counterfeit versions of popular freelance platforms like Upwork or Fiverr, tricking freelancers into creating accounts and accepting fake projects that lead to payment theft.
Always navigate to freelance platforms by typing the URL directly — never through ads or email links.
Remote workers
U.S.
time tracking malware scam targeting remote workers
Employers or scammers require remote workers to install time tracking software that secretly contains spyware, keyloggers, or cryptocurrency miners.
Only install time tracking software from verified developers — check reviews and the developer's reputation before installing.
Remote workers
U.S.
fake school emergency call scam
Scammers call parents claiming their child has been injured or is in trouble at school and demand immediate payment for medical treatment or bail before the parent can verify the situation.
Hang up and call your child's school directly using the number you have on file to verify any emergency.
Parents
U.S.
fake baby product recall scam
Scammers send emails or social media messages about fake baby product recalls, directing parents to phishing websites that collect personal and financial information under the pretense of processing a refund.
Verify any product recall at cpsc.gov before clicking any links or providing information.
Parents
U.S.
parental control app scam
Fake parental control apps advertised to concerned parents actually contain spyware that monitors the parent's device instead, stealing banking credentials and personal data.
Only install parental control apps from established developers available in the official app stores, such as Bark, Qustodio, or Google Family Link.
Parents
U.S.
fake childcare background check scam
Scammers posing as childcare providers or nanny agencies require parents to pay for a background check through a specific website that steals payment information and personal data.
Use established background check services like Checkr, GoodHire, or your state's official background check system.
Parents
U.S.
kids game in-app purchase trap
Children's mobile games use deceptive design patterns to trick children into making repeated in-app purchases, sometimes accumulating hundreds or thousands of dollars on parents' payment accounts.
Enable purchase authentication in your device settings so every in-app purchase requires a password or biometric confirmation.
Parents
U.S.
fake family GPS tracker app scam
Scammers sell fake family GPS tracking apps or devices that either do not work, send location data to the scammer, or subscribe families to expensive recurring charges.
Use established family tracking apps from known developers like Life360, Apple Find My, or Google Family Link.
Parents
U.S.
school fundraiser fraud scam
Scammers create fake school fundraising campaigns online or go door to door impersonating students or parents, collecting donations that never reach any school or student organization.
Verify any fundraiser by contacting the school's front office or PTA directly before donating.
Parents
U.S.
child modeling agency scam
Fake talent agencies approach parents claiming their child has been scouted for modeling or acting, then charge thousands in upfront fees for portfolios, classes, and registration that lead to no real opportunities.
Legitimate talent agencies never charge upfront fees — they earn commissions only when your child books paid work.
Parents
U.S.
deepfake CEO video call scam
Criminals use real-time AI deepfake technology to impersonate a company CEO on a video call, instructing employees to wire funds or share sensitive data under the guise of an urgent business matter.
Verify any unusual financial requests through a separate, known communication channel such as a direct phone call.
Finance employees
U.S.
celebrity crypto endorsement deepfake
AI-generated deepfake videos show celebrities apparently endorsing cryptocurrency investment platforms, luring victims into depositing money on fraudulent exchanges that steal their funds.
Verify any celebrity endorsement by checking the person's official social media accounts and website.
Crypto investors
U.S.
AI-generated news anchor scam
Scammers create fake news broadcasts using AI-generated anchors who report fabricated stories designed to promote fraudulent products, investments, or political disinformation.
Cross-reference any news clip with the official website of the network it claims to represent.
Seniors
U.S.
deepfake kidnapping ransom video scam
Criminals create AI deepfake videos of a victim's family member appearing to be in distress or captivity, then demand ransom payment for their safe release.
Hang up and immediately try to contact the supposedly kidnapped family member directly.
Parents
U.S.
political deepfake robocall scam
AI-cloned voices of political figures are used in robocalls to spread disinformation, suppress voter turnout, or solicit fraudulent donations during election periods.
Verify any election information through your state or local election board's official website.
Voters
U.S.
deepfake real estate agent scam
Scammers use AI deepfake video to impersonate a real estate agent or property owner on video calls, redirecting earnest money deposits or rental payments to fraudulent accounts.
Always verify wire instructions by calling the title company or real estate brokerage at their publicly listed phone number.
Home buyers
U.S.
AI-generated fake customer testimonials scam
Fraudulent businesses use AI-generated deepfake videos of fake customers providing glowing testimonials to build false trust and sell counterfeit or nonexistent products.
Reverse-image search testimonial faces to check if they are AI-generated or stolen from other sources.
Online shoppers
U.S.
deepfake job interview scam
Scammers use AI deepfake technology to impersonate hiring managers during video interviews, collecting personal information and upfront fees from job seekers for positions that do not exist.
Verify the interviewer's identity by contacting the company directly through their official website.
Job seekers
U.S.
deepfake romantic partner scam
Scammers use AI-generated deepfake video and voice to create a convincing fake romantic partner for video calls, building emotional bonds before requesting money for fabricated emergencies.
Insist on meeting in person or conduct a live video call where you ask them to perform spontaneous actions.
Singles
U.S.
AI voice clone customer service scam
Criminals use AI voice cloning to impersonate customer service representatives from banks and tech companies, tricking victims into revealing account credentials or authorizing fraudulent transactions.
Hang up and call your bank directly using the number on the back of your card or on their official website.
Bank customers
U.S.
deepfake identity document fraud
Criminals use AI to generate realistic fake identity documents with deepfake photos that pass automated KYC verification systems, enabling account takeover and financial fraud.
Platforms should implement liveness detection requiring users to perform random actions during selfie verification.
Financial institutions
U.S.
parking meter QR code overlay scam
Scammers place fraudulent QR code stickers over legitimate ones on parking meters, redirecting drivers to a fake payment site that steals their credit card information.
Check if the QR code appears to be a sticker placed on top — peel test it gently.
Drivers
U.S.
restaurant menu QR code swap scam
Criminals replace legitimate QR codes on restaurant tables with fraudulent ones that lead to phishing sites disguised as menus or payment portals, harvesting customer payment data.
Ask your server for a physical menu or the restaurant's official website or app name.
Restaurant diners
U.S.
QR code on flyer phishing scam
Scammers distribute flyers with QR codes offering fake deals, free products, or prize claims that lead to phishing websites designed to steal personal and financial information.
Be skeptical of unsolicited flyers with QR codes, especially those promising free items or large prizes.
General public
U.S.
package delivery QR code scam
Fake delivery notices left on doors or in mailboxes contain QR codes that victims scan to reschedule delivery, leading to phishing sites that steal personal and financial data.
Do not scan QR codes on unexpected delivery notices — check your tracking directly with the retailer or carrier.
Online shoppers
U.S.
business card QR code scam
Scammers distribute fake business cards with QR codes at networking events or public places that lead to malware downloads or credential-harvesting phishing sites.
Search for the person and company online independently rather than scanning the QR code.
Professionals
U.S.
fake WiFi login QR code scam
QR codes posted in public spaces promise free WiFi access but lead to a fake login portal that captures email credentials and personal data or installs malware.
Ask staff for the official WiFi name and password rather than scanning posted QR codes.
Travelers
U.S.
event ticket QR code scam
Fraudsters sell counterfeit event tickets with QR codes that either do not scan at the venue or redirect to phishing sites when buyers try to verify them.
Buy tickets only from the official venue, promoter, or authorized resale platforms like Ticketmaster or StubHub.
Concert-goers
U.S.
charity donation QR code scam
Fake QR codes are placed on charity donation materials, redirecting well-intentioned donors to fraudulent payment pages that steal their money and financial information.
Donate directly through the charity's official website, not through QR codes on flyers.
Donors
U.S.
real estate listing QR code scam
Fraudulent QR codes on real estate signs or flyers redirect prospective buyers and renters to fake listing sites that collect personal information and application fees for properties the scammer does not own.
Verify property listings through official platforms like Zillow, Realtor.com, or your local MLS.
Home buyers
U.S.
payment terminal QR code overlay scam
Scammers place fraudulent QR code stickers over legitimate payment QR codes at retail stores and market stalls, redirecting payments to their own accounts.
Verify the payment recipient name matches the merchant before confirming any QR payment.
Shoppers
U.S.
EV charging station QR code scam
Fraudulent QR code stickers are placed on electric vehicle charging stations, directing drivers to fake payment sites that steal credit card information instead of activating the charger.
Use the charging network's official mobile app rather than scanning QR codes on the station.
EV owners
U.S.
tariff relief application scam
Scammers exploit confusion around tariff changes by impersonating government agencies offering fake tariff relief applications that collect Social Security numbers and financial information.
Verify any government relief program through official .gov websites or by calling the agency directly.
Small business owners
U.S.
fake rent relief program scam
Scammers create fake rent assistance programs with professional-looking websites, collecting application fees and personal data from tenants struggling to pay rent.
Apply for rent assistance only through official government channels at your state or county housing authority.
Renters
U.S.
utility bill assistance scam
Fraudulent calls and messages offer fake utility bill assistance programs, collecting personal data and upfront fees from people struggling to pay their energy or water bills.
Contact your utility company directly or apply for LIHEAP through your state's official program at liheapch.acf.hhs.gov.
Low-income households
U.S.
mortgage forbearance extension scam
Scammers contact homeowners offering to extend mortgage forbearance programs or modify loans for a fee, collecting personal financial data and payment while providing no actual assistance.
Contact your mortgage servicer directly to discuss forbearance or modification options — they are required to help you for free.
Homeowners
U.S.
fake celebrity death clickbait scam
Viral social media posts falsely report a celebrity's death to generate clicks on links that lead to malware downloads, phishing sites, or ad-fraud pages.
Verify any celebrity death news by checking reputable news outlets before clicking social media links.
Social media users
U.S.
fake product recall notification scam
Fraudulent emails or posts mimic official product recall notices from the CPSC or manufacturers, directing recipients to phishing sites that collect personal data under the guise of processing refunds.
Verify all product recalls at cpsc.gov or the manufacturer's official website before taking any action.
Parents
U.S.
AI-generated fake news site scam
Entire news websites are created using AI-generated content to look like legitimate local or national news outlets, publishing fabricated stories to drive traffic to ad-fraud pages or promote scam products.
Check whether the news site has an About page with real editorial staff and contact information.
News readers
U.S.
fake government announcement scam
Fabricated government announcements about policy changes, new benefits, or emergency orders are spread on social media to drive traffic to phishing sites or generate disinformation-fueled engagement.
Verify any government announcement through official .gov websites or official social media accounts with verified badges.
General public
U.S.
fake bank failure news scam
False news reports claim that a major bank is failing or freezing accounts, causing panic and driving victims to phishing sites where they enter banking credentials trying to check their accounts.
Check financial news from reputable sources like Reuters, Bloomberg, or the FDIC at fdic.gov before reacting.
Bank customers
U.S.
viral health misinformation product scam
Fabricated health claims and fake medical studies are spread on social media to sell unregulated supplements, cures, or medical devices that are ineffective or dangerous.
Verify health claims through PubMed, the FDA, or by asking your healthcare provider.
Health-conscious consumers
U.S.
fake data breach notification scam
Scammers send fake data breach notification emails impersonating well-known companies, directing recipients to phishing sites where they re-enter credentials or financial data to check if they were affected.
Go directly to the company's official website to check for any breach announcements.
Account holders
U.S.
fake court ruling news scam
Fabricated news about major court rulings is spread on social media to provoke outrage and drive clicks to ad-fraud sites, phishing pages, or donation scams.
Verify court rulings through official court websites, PACER, or established legal news outlets.
Political followers
U.S.
fake company bankruptcy news scam
False reports about major companies filing for bankruptcy are spread to manipulate stock prices or drive traffic to phishing sites targeting the company's customers.
Verify company financial news through SEC filings at sec.gov/edgar, the company's investor relations page, or established financial media.
Investors
U.S.
fake disaster update donation scam
After natural disasters, scammers spread fabricated updates about the disaster's severity to drive donations to fraudulent relief funds that pocket the money.
Donate only to established relief organizations like the Red Cross, directly through their official websites.
Donors
U.S.
wrong number text pig butchering scam
A seemingly accidental text message from a stranger initiates a friendly conversation that gradually builds into a romantic or financial relationship, ultimately steering the victim toward a fake investment platform.
Do not engage with wrong number texts from strangers — block the number immediately.
Lonely individuals
U.S.
LinkedIn professional connection pig butchering scam
Scammers create polished LinkedIn profiles impersonating professionals and connect with targets, using business credibility to build trust before steering them into fraudulent investment schemes.
Verify LinkedIn connections by checking their employment history with the actual companies listed.
Professionals
U.S.
Instagram lifestyle pig butchering scam
Scammers curate glamorous Instagram profiles showcasing luxury lifestyles funded by alleged investments, then DM targets to build relationships and funnel them into fake crypto or forex platforms.
Be suspicious of strangers on Instagram who DM you about investment opportunities, regardless of how glamorous their profile appears.
Young adults
U.S.
WhatsApp group investment pig butchering scam
Victims are added to WhatsApp groups posing as exclusive investment communities where fake members share fabricated profit screenshots, pressuring newcomers to invest in fraudulent platforms.
Leave immediately if you are added to a WhatsApp investment group without your consent.
Aspiring investors
U.S.
crypto trading mentorship pig butchering scam
Scammers pose as successful crypto traders offering mentorship, guiding victims through increasingly larger trades on a fake exchange until their funds are locked and unrecoverable.
Verify any crypto exchange on CoinMarketCap, CoinGecko, or check if it is registered with FinCEN.
Crypto beginners
U.S.
forex profit sharing pig butchering scam
Scammers recruit victims into fake forex trading partnerships where the scammer claims to manage trades and share profits, using a fraudulent platform to show fabricated gains before stealing deposits.
Verify any forex platform's regulatory status with the NFA at nfa.futures.org or the FCA at register.fca.org.uk.
Aspiring traders
U.S.
gold trading platform pig butchering scam
Scammers lure victims into investing in gold through fraudulent online trading platforms, using fake market data and fabricated profits to extract increasingly large deposits before disappearing.
Invest in gold only through established and regulated dealers listed on the CFTC or your country's financial regulator.
Retirees
U.S.
real estate crowdfunding pig butchering scam
Scammers create fake real estate crowdfunding platforms with fabricated property portfolios, building trust through small dividend payments before locking out investors and stealing their capital.
Verify any crowdfunding platform's SEC registration at sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar.
Real estate enthusiasts
U.S.
sports betting system pig butchering scam
Scammers pose as sports betting experts with guaranteed winning systems, guiding victims to deposit money on fraudulent betting platforms that manipulate odds and block withdrawals.
Only bet through licensed and regulated sportsbooks in your jurisdiction.
Sports fans
U.S.
MLM health supplement recruitment scheme
A health supplement company requires participants to buy inventory upfront and earn primarily through recruiting new sellers rather than product sales, leaving most participants with unsold stock and financial losses.
Research the company's income disclosure statement — if available, it will show that most participants earn little or nothing.
Parents
U.S.
Essential oils MLM recruitment scam
Essential oil companies use wellness claims and community-building tactics to recruit sellers who must purchase inventory, with the real money flowing from recruitment rather than retail sales.
Ask to see the company's income disclosure statement and calculate typical annual earnings after expenses.
Parents
U.S.
Crypto MLM token recruitment scheme
A cryptocurrency project uses MLM-style recruitment to attract investors who earn commissions by recruiting others, with the token having little real utility or market value.
Verify the token is listed on major exchanges and has real trading volume independent of the recruitment program.
Crypto traders
U.S.
Fitness coaching MLM recruitment scheme
A fitness company sells coaching programs and shakes through a recruitment-heavy MLM structure where most participants pay more for products than they earn from selling.
Ask for the income disclosure statement and calculate median earnings after required product purchases.
Young adults
U.S.
MLM travel club recruitment scheme
A travel company sells memberships through an MLM structure where the real product is the recruitment opportunity, not discounted travel, and most members never recoup their membership fees.
Compare the travel deals offered to prices on public booking sites like Kayak, Google Flights, or Booking.com.
Travelers
U.S.
Forex trading MLM recruitment scheme
A company combines forex trading signals or education with an MLM recruitment structure where participants earn more from recruiting traders than from actual profitable trades.
Ask for verified trading records (not screenshots) showing consistent profits from the signals or strategies.
Young adults
U.S.
Skincare and beauty MLM recruitment scheme
A beauty or skincare company requires sellers to purchase inventory and recruit new sellers, with most participants unable to sell enough product to cover their costs.
Compare the products to similar items available in retail stores to evaluate the price premium.
Women
U.S.
Insurance and financial services MLM scheme
A financial services or insurance company uses MLM recruitment to sell policies, with agents earning more from recruiting new agents than from providing sound financial advice.
Research the company's reputation with your state insurance department and the BBB.
Young adults
U.S.
Social media MLM recruitment pressure
MLM sellers use social media to target friends, followers, and acquaintances with business opportunity pitches disguised as personal messages, creating social pressure to join or buy.
It is okay to say no — a real friend will respect your decision without pressuring you.
Young adults
U.S.
MLM income claim fraud
MLM companies and their sellers make misleading income claims that suggest typical participants earn significant money, when income disclosures show most earn little or nothing.
Always ask for and read the company's income disclosure statement before joining.
Young adults
U.S.
CBD and hemp product MLM scheme
A company sells CBD or hemp products through an MLM structure, combining unverified health claims with aggressive recruitment, leaving most sellers with unsold inventory.
Compare CBD product pricing and third-party lab testing to non-MLM brands available in stores.
Adults
U.S.
Energy and utility MLM scheme
An energy company uses MLM recruitment to sell electricity or gas plans, with agents earning more from signing up new agents than from providing competitive energy rates.
Compare the offered rate, including all fees, to your current utility rate before switching.
Homeowners
U.S.
Weight loss MLM scheme
A weight loss company sells shakes, supplements, or programs through MLM recruitment, making unverified health claims while most sellers lose money on required purchases.
Compare the cost per serving to retail meal replacements and supplements.
Women
U.S.
MLM targeting college students
MLM companies aggressively recruit on college campuses, targeting students with promises of financial independence, flexible schedules, and entrepreneurship experience.
Research the company name before attending any info session — search the company name plus scam or MLM.
College students
U.S.
Legal services MLM scheme
A company sells prepaid legal service plans through MLM recruitment, where agents earn more from signing up new agents than from the legal plans providing value to members.
Compare the monthly plan cost to simply paying for legal consultations as needed.
Adults
U.S.
How to identify an MLM vs a legitimate business
A guide to the key differences between legitimate direct sales businesses and illegal pyramid schemes, including the five warning signs that an opportunity is really an MLM recruitment trap.
Ask: Can I earn a reasonable income selling products without recruiting anyone? If the honest answer is no, it is an MLM.
Job seekers
U.S.
MLM schemes targeting immigrant communities
MLM companies target immigrant communities through cultural trust networks, church groups, and diaspora gatherings, exploiting language barriers and the desire for financial independence.
Research the company name in English — many MLM warning sites and FTC actions are only available in English.
Immigrants
U.S.
MLM recruitment after job loss
MLM recruiters target people who have recently lost their jobs, framing the opportunity as a way to replace income quickly, when most participants earn less than minimum wage.
Remember that a legitimate employer pays you — you do not pay them to start working.
Job seekers
U.S.
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