Profession page

Scams targeting investors and traders

Investors and traders are targeted with the highest-dollar scams in our database. Pig butchering, fake trading platforms, and Ponzi schemes exploit the desire for returns and the complexity of financial markets to extract large sums over time.

117 scams in this profession viewAll professions

Common searches

investment scamcrypto scamtrading scampig butchering scamponzi schemeforex scam

Why this profession gets targeted

  • The promise of high returns creates emotional urgency that overrides rational risk assessment.
  • Crypto and forex markets are complex enough that fake platforms can look legitimate to most people.
  • Pig butchering scams build personal relationships over weeks before introducing investment asks, making them harder to resist.

What to check first

  • Verify any trading platform through your country's financial regulator (SEC, FCA, ASIC) before depositing funds.
  • Never invest based on advice from someone you met online, especially through dating apps or social media.
  • If you cannot withdraw your funds without paying fees, taxes, or deposits, it is almost certainly a scam.
Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

PayPal invoice scam

Scammers send real PayPal invoices for products or services you never ordered — such as cryptocurrency purchases or tech support — hoping you will call the embedded phone number and hand over personal information or remote access.

What to do first

If you receive an invoice for something you did not buy, do not call the phone number — log into PayPal directly and decline the invoice.

Targets

PayPal users

Seen in

U.S.

Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

Coinbase customer support impersonator scam

Scammers pose as Coinbase support agents via phone calls, social media, or fake support websites to trick users into sharing login credentials or granting remote access to their devices.

What to do first

Coinbase support will never call you first, ask for your password, or request remote access to your device.

Targets

Cryptocurrency investors

Seen in

U.S.

Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

Coinbase Commerce invoice scam

Fraudulent invoices sent via Coinbase Commerce or mimicking its interface trick businesses and individuals into paying for goods or services they never ordered.

What to do first

Never pay an invoice you did not expect — verify with the supposed sender through a separate communication channel.

Targets

Small business owners

Seen in

U.S.

Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

Robinhood free stock promotion scam

Fake ads or messages promise free stocks from Robinhood, directing victims to phishing sites that collect personal information and Robinhood login credentials.

What to do first

Robinhood referral promotions are only available through the official app and website at robinhood.com.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

Robinhood Gold upgrade scam

A phishing email impersonates Robinhood offering a free or discounted Robinhood Gold upgrade, directing users to a fake page that captures payment and login information.

What to do first

Manage your Robinhood Gold subscription only through the official app or robinhood.com.

Targets

Robinhood users

Seen in

U.S.

Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

Robinhood support impersonator scam

Scammers pose as Robinhood customer support on social media, forums, or phone calls, convincing users to share credentials or grant remote access to their devices.

What to do first

Contact Robinhood support only through the Help section within the official Robinhood app.

Targets

Robinhood users

Seen in

U.S.

Brand impersonation scams
↑ 60%

Robinhood referral scam

Scammers promote fake Robinhood referral links on social media and forums that lead to phishing sites or require victims to deposit money to unlock referral rewards that do not exist.

What to do first

Use referral links only from people you know and trust, and verify the URL goes to robinhood.com.

Targets

New investors

Seen in

U.S.

Social media scams
↑ 76%

TikTok money flip scam

TikTok videos and DMs promote fake money flipping schemes that claim to multiply your cash through a secret investment method, but simply steal your initial payment.

What to do first

Recognize that no legitimate investment can guarantee to multiply your money — any such promise is a scam

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Social media scams
↑ 76%

Twitter crypto promotion scam

Hacked or impersonator Twitter accounts post fake cryptocurrency promotions promising to double any crypto sent to a wallet address, stealing funds from followers.

What to do first

Remember that no legitimate person or company will ever ask you to send crypto to receive more back

Targets

Social media users

Seen in

Global

Social media scams
↑ 76%

Reddit investment tip scam

Scammers infiltrate investment subreddits with fake success stories and coordinated posts promoting fraudulent trading platforms or pump-and-dump stocks.

What to do first

Verify investment advice from Reddit through independent financial research and regulated sources

Targets

Social media users

Seen in

U.S.

Social media scams
↑ 76%

influencer promotion scam

Influencers promote fraudulent products, services, or investment schemes to their followers without disclosing they are being paid, or without verifying what they are promoting is legitimate.

What to do first

Research any product or investment independently before purchasing, regardless of who promotes it

Targets

Social media users

Seen in

U.S.

Social media scams
↑ 76%

Cash App money flip scam

Scammers promise to multiply your money through a Cash App 'flip' — send them a small amount and they will return a much larger sum. The money is never returned.

What to do first

There is no legitimate way to multiply money by sending it to a stranger — this is always a scam.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Social media scams
↑ 76%

crypto promotion by fake influencer on TikTok

Fake or compromised TikTok accounts impersonate popular influencers to promote fraudulent cryptocurrency investments, leading followers to lose money on worthless tokens.

What to do first

Never invest based solely on social media influencer recommendations — always do independent research.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Misinformation scams
↑ 80%

fake bank failure news scam

False news reports claim that a major bank is failing or freezing accounts, causing panic and driving victims to phishing sites where they enter banking credentials trying to check their accounts.

What to do first

Check financial news from reputable sources like Reuters, Bloomberg, or the FDIC at fdic.gov before reacting.

Targets

Bank customers

Seen in

U.S.

Misinformation scams
↑ 80%

fake company bankruptcy news scam

False reports about major companies filing for bankruptcy are spread to manipulate stock prices or drive traffic to phishing sites targeting the company's customers.

What to do first

Verify company financial news through SEC filings at sec.gov/edgar, the company's investor relations page, or established financial media.

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Employment fraud
↑ 80%

Freelance project unlock fee scam

A freelancer wins a project but is told they must buy a platform license, ID badge, or portfolio review to start.

What to do first

Do not buy access tools or badges to start freelance work.

Targets

Freelancers

Seen in

Global

Fake antivirus scams
↑ 100%

mobile security app scam

A fake mobile security app on an unofficial app store or sideloaded APK claims to protect your phone but actually collects personal data, displays intrusive ads, or subscribes you to premium services.

What to do first

Uninstall the app immediately and review all app permissions in your phone's settings.

Targets

Non-technical users

Seen in

U.S.

Multi-channel phishing scams
↑ 275%

social media then DM scam

Scammers build credibility through public social media interactions before moving to private DMs where they execute phishing attacks, romance scams, or investment fraud.

What to do first

Be cautious of new contacts who engage publicly before quickly moving to private messages.

Targets

Online users

Seen in

U.S.

Account takeover
↑ 100%

SIM swap account takeover scam

A criminal takes over a target's phone number through carrier manipulation and then resets passwords, intercepts OTPs, and drains financial or social accounts.

What to do first

Set a carrier account PIN.

Targets

Professionals

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 11%

Withdrawal fee wealth app scam

A fake wealth app shows profits but demands taxes, verification fees, or liquidity unlock payments before funds can be released.

What to do first

Do not pay extra fees to release fake gains.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

Global

Fake app scams
↑ 11%

Google Play Store clone app scam

Malicious clone apps on Google Play copy the branding and functionality of popular apps to harvest user data, inject ads, or install additional malware.

What to do first

Download apps only from verified developer accounts and check that the developer matches the official company

Targets

Android users

Seen in

U.S.

Fake app scams
↑ 11%

fake crypto wallet app scam

Counterfeit cryptocurrency wallet apps impersonate popular wallets like MetaMask or Trust Wallet to steal private keys and drain user crypto holdings.

What to do first

Download crypto wallet apps only from links on the wallet official website and verify the developer name in the app store

Targets

Crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Romance and investment fraud
↑ 24%

Romance-led investment scam

A relationship begins on social or dating platforms and gradually shifts toward a fake investing opportunity with fabricated gains and escalating deposits.

What to do first

Never invest based on a romantic contact's recommendation.

Targets

Online daters

Seen in

Global

Romance scams
↑ 41%

Romance-to-forex bait scam

A romantic contact slowly shifts the conversation into a special forex or crypto opportunity that only trusted people can access.

What to do first

Separate emotional relationships from financial decisions entirely.

Targets

Professionals

Seen in

Global

Romance scams
↑ 41%

Celebrity romance chat scam

A victim believes they are in private contact with a celebrity or creator who eventually asks for gift cards, crypto, or help escaping a contract.

What to do first

Assume direct romantic or financial outreach from famous figures is fraudulent unless proven through official channels.

Targets

Fans

Seen in

Global

Senior-targeted scams
↑ 42%

retirement account advisor impersonation scam

Scammers impersonate financial advisors or representatives from brokerage firms and convince seniors to transfer retirement savings into fraudulent investment accounts.

What to do first

Never transfer retirement funds based on an unsolicited call — hang up and call your brokerage directly using the number on your account statement.

Targets

Seniors

Seen in

U.S.

Recovery fraud
↑ 17%

Chargeback specialist fee scam

A consultant offers to dispute card charges or investment losses for a sizable upfront retainer and vague promises.

What to do first

Ask your bank or card issuer directly about chargeback options before hiring anyone.

Targets

Small businesses

Seen in

Global

Sextortion scams
↑ 8%

webcam blackmail email scam

A mass-sent email claims the sender hacked your webcam and recorded you during intimate activity, demanding cryptocurrency payment to prevent release of the footage.

What to do first

Do not reply or send any payment — these are mass-sent with no actual footage.

Targets

Adults

Seen in

U.S.

Recovery fraud
↑ 41%

Crypto recovery agent scam

After a person loses money in crypto, a second scam appears claiming funds can be recovered for a fee or wallet access.

What to do first

Assume unsolicited recovery outreach is fraudulent.

Targets

Previous fraud victims

Seen in

Global

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↑ 11%

MLM health supplement recruitment scheme

A health supplement company requires participants to buy inventory upfront and earn primarily through recruiting new sellers rather than product sales, leaving most participants with unsold stock and financial losses.

What to do first

Research the company's income disclosure statement — if available, it will show that most participants earn little or nothing.

Targets

Parents

Seen in

U.S.

Remote worker scams
↑ 20%

time tracking malware scam targeting remote workers

Employers or scammers require remote workers to install time tracking software that secretly contains spyware, keyloggers, or cryptocurrency miners.

What to do first

Only install time tracking software from verified developers — check reviews and the developer's reputation before installing.

Targets

Remote workers

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 30%

WhatsApp stock tip group scam

A private chat group pushes coordinated stock buys while fake members post profits to create trust and urgency.

What to do first

Never trade based on private group pressure or unverifiable gains.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Copy trading mentor scam

A mentor offers copy trading access and asks the victim to fund an account or connect an API to mirror guaranteed profits.

What to do first

Avoid trading services that rely on chat-only mentorship and guaranteed returns.

Targets

Crypto traders

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Gold mining club investment scam

An investment club says pooled money is being used in gold or commodity extraction projects with fast fixed returns.

What to do first

Check licenses and filings before sending funds to private clubs.

Targets

Retirees

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Managed forex account scam

A forex mentor offers to manage your money directly, showing screenshots of wins while dodging audited history or regulatory details.

What to do first

Avoid handing capital to unlicensed mentors from social media.

Targets

New traders

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Pre-IPO share allocation scam

A broker-like contact offers access to exclusive pre-IPO shares if you reserve quickly with a wire payment.

What to do first

Only pursue pre-IPO investments through regulated, documented channels.

Targets

Professionals

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Copy trading WhatsApp group scam

A private group promotes a mentor or analyst whose picks appear to win consistently, then funnels members into fake broker or wallet deposits.

What to do first

Do not fund broker or wallet accounts shared only inside a chat group.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Bitcoin investment via Cash App scam

Scammers recruit victims through social media to invest in Bitcoin through Cash App, promising guaranteed returns — victims either send Bitcoin directly to the scammer or lose control of their Cash App account.

What to do first

No one can guarantee returns on cryptocurrency — guaranteed profit claims are always a scam.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Robinhood account restricted phishing scam

A phishing email or text claims your Robinhood account has been restricted due to suspicious activity, directing you to a fake login page that captures your credentials and enables account takeover.

What to do first

Check account status by opening the official Robinhood app — never through links in messages.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Robinhood options trading alert phishing scam

A phishing message claims unusual options activity has been detected on your Robinhood account and asks you to verify via a link, leading to a credential-harvesting page.

What to do first

Verify account activity only through the official Robinhood app.

Targets

Options traders

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Robinhood tax document phishing scam

A phishing email claims your Robinhood tax document (1099) is ready for download, directing you to a fake site that captures your login credentials and Social Security number.

What to do first

Access tax documents only through the official Robinhood app under Account > Statements & History > Tax Documents.

Targets

Robinhood users

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Robinhood IPO access scam

Scammers promise guaranteed access to hot IPOs through Robinhood in exchange for an upfront fee or deposit, exploiting the hype around initial public offerings.

What to do first

Robinhood IPO Access is free — never pay anyone for IPO access through any platform.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

U.S.

Investment scams
↑ 30%

Robinhood margin call phishing scam

A phishing email claims you have a margin call on your Robinhood account and must deposit funds immediately through a provided link, leading to a credential-harvesting or payment-capture page.

What to do first

Check for margin calls only through the official Robinhood app — real margin calls generate in-app notifications.

Targets

Margin traders

Seen in

U.S.

AI impersonation
↑ 19%

AI celebrity livestream crypto giveaway scam

A livestream uses a celebrity deepfake to promote a limited-time crypto giveaway that promises to send back more than you transfer.

What to do first

Assume send-to-receive crypto giveaways are fraudulent and report the channel.

Targets

Crypto traders

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 19%

AI trading bot subscription scam

A polished dashboard claims an AI bot can trade autonomously if you buy a subscription and deposit capital first.

What to do first

Demand independently verifiable performance and test withdrawal before trusting a platform.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↑ 19%

AI trading bot dashboard scam

A platform promises AI-managed profits, shows a convincing dashboard, and keeps asking for larger deposits while withdrawals quietly fail.

What to do first

Attempt a small withdrawal before trusting any AI or automated trading platform.

Targets

Retail investors

Seen in

Global

AI deepfake scams
↑ 19%

celebrity crypto endorsement deepfake

AI-generated deepfake videos show celebrities apparently endorsing cryptocurrency investment platforms, luring victims into depositing money on fraudulent exchanges that steal their funds.

What to do first

Verify any celebrity endorsement by checking the person's official social media accounts and website.

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

U.S.

AI deepfake scams
↑ 19%

AI-generated news anchor scam

Scammers create fake news broadcasts using AI-generated anchors who report fabricated stories designed to promote fraudulent products, investments, or political disinformation.

What to do first

Cross-reference any news clip with the official website of the network it claims to represent.

Targets

Seniors

Seen in

U.S.

AI deepfake scams
↑ 19%

deepfake real estate agent scam

Scammers use AI deepfake video to impersonate a real estate agent or property owner on video calls, redirecting earnest money deposits or rental payments to fraudulent accounts.

What to do first

Always verify wire instructions by calling the title company or real estate brokerage at their publicly listed phone number.

Targets

Home buyers

Seen in

U.S.

Parent and family scams
↑ 18%

child modeling agency scam

Fake talent agencies approach parents claiming their child has been scouted for modeling or acting, then charge thousands in upfront fees for portfolios, classes, and registration that lead to no real opportunities.

What to do first

Legitimate talent agencies never charge upfront fees — they earn commissions only when your child books paid work.

Targets

Parents

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

crypto Ponzi scheme

Fraudulent cryptocurrency investment platforms promise guaranteed high returns but pay early investors with new investor funds, eventually collapsing and leaving most participants with total losses.

What to do first

Be extremely skeptical of any investment promising guaranteed returns, as all legitimate investments carry risk

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

forex trading pool scam

Scammers recruit investors into unregistered forex trading pools promising consistent monthly profits, but use new deposits to pay existing members while pocketing the majority.

What to do first

Verify any forex fund manager or trading pool is registered with the CFTC and NFA at nfa.futures.org/basicnet

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

MLM recruitment scam

Pyramid schemes disguised as multi-level marketing opportunities focus primarily on recruiting new participants rather than selling actual products, with the vast majority of members losing money.

What to do first

Request and review the company income disclosure statement before joining, paying attention to what percentage of participants earn a profit

Targets

Job seekers

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

gifting circle scam

Participants are told to give a cash gift to join a circle with the promise of receiving a larger payout when they recruit enough new members, which is an illegal pyramid scheme.

What to do first

Understand that gifting circles are illegal pyramid schemes regardless of what they are called

Targets

Low-income households

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

real estate investment club scam

Fraudulent real estate investment clubs collect member funds for supposed property deals that never materialize, using new member contributions to pay returns to earlier members.

What to do first

Verify any real estate investment through independent title searches and property records

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

social media cash gifting scam

Cash gifting schemes promoted through Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook promise that sending money to a stranger will result in receiving a larger amount back from future participants.

What to do first

Never send money to strangers online in exchange for a promise of a larger return

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

blessing loom scam

The blessing loom is a pyramid scheme presented as a board or flower diagram where participants pay to enter and are promised a large payout when enough new members join below them.

What to do first

Recognize that the blessing loom is an illegal pyramid scheme regardless of the language used to describe it

Targets

Low-income households

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

high-yield investment program (HYIP) scam

HYIPs are fraudulent online investment platforms that promise extraordinarily high returns, sometimes 1-10 percent daily, funded entirely by new investor deposits in a classic Ponzi structure.

What to do first

Understand that returns of 1 percent per day would be 3,678 percent annually, which is impossible for any legitimate investment

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

binary options scam

Fraudulent binary options platforms manipulate trades so customers always lose, refuse withdrawals, and often operate from offshore locations with no regulatory oversight.

What to do first

Trade binary options only on CFTC-regulated exchanges such as Nadex in the United States

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

crowdfunding Ponzi scheme

Scammers use crowdfunding platforms or create their own to collect funds for fictional projects, using new contributions to pay fake returns to early backers before disappearing.

What to do first

Research the project team independently and verify their identities and past work before backing a campaign

Targets

Investors

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Essential oils MLM recruitment scam

Essential oil companies use wellness claims and community-building tactics to recruit sellers who must purchase inventory, with the real money flowing from recruitment rather than retail sales.

What to do first

Ask to see the company's income disclosure statement and calculate typical annual earnings after expenses.

Targets

Parents

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Crypto MLM token recruitment scheme

A cryptocurrency project uses MLM-style recruitment to attract investors who earn commissions by recruiting others, with the token having little real utility or market value.

What to do first

Verify the token is listed on major exchanges and has real trading volume independent of the recruitment program.

Targets

Crypto traders

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Fitness coaching MLM recruitment scheme

A fitness company sells coaching programs and shakes through a recruitment-heavy MLM structure where most participants pay more for products than they earn from selling.

What to do first

Ask for the income disclosure statement and calculate median earnings after required product purchases.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

MLM travel club recruitment scheme

A travel company sells memberships through an MLM structure where the real product is the recruitment opportunity, not discounted travel, and most members never recoup their membership fees.

What to do first

Compare the travel deals offered to prices on public booking sites like Kayak, Google Flights, or Booking.com.

Targets

Travelers

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Forex trading MLM recruitment scheme

A company combines forex trading signals or education with an MLM recruitment structure where participants earn more from recruiting traders than from actual profitable trades.

What to do first

Ask for verified trading records (not screenshots) showing consistent profits from the signals or strategies.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Skincare and beauty MLM recruitment scheme

A beauty or skincare company requires sellers to purchase inventory and recruit new sellers, with most participants unable to sell enough product to cover their costs.

What to do first

Compare the products to similar items available in retail stores to evaluate the price premium.

Targets

Women

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Insurance and financial services MLM scheme

A financial services or insurance company uses MLM recruitment to sell policies, with agents earning more from recruiting new agents than from providing sound financial advice.

What to do first

Research the company's reputation with your state insurance department and the BBB.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Social media MLM recruitment pressure

MLM sellers use social media to target friends, followers, and acquaintances with business opportunity pitches disguised as personal messages, creating social pressure to join or buy.

What to do first

It is okay to say no — a real friend will respect your decision without pressuring you.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

MLM income claim fraud

MLM companies and their sellers make misleading income claims that suggest typical participants earn significant money, when income disclosures show most earn little or nothing.

What to do first

Always ask for and read the company's income disclosure statement before joining.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

CBD and hemp product MLM scheme

A company sells CBD or hemp products through an MLM structure, combining unverified health claims with aggressive recruitment, leaving most sellers with unsold inventory.

What to do first

Compare CBD product pricing and third-party lab testing to non-MLM brands available in stores.

Targets

Adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Energy and utility MLM scheme

An energy company uses MLM recruitment to sell electricity or gas plans, with agents earning more from signing up new agents than from providing competitive energy rates.

What to do first

Compare the offered rate, including all fees, to your current utility rate before switching.

Targets

Homeowners

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Weight loss MLM scheme

A weight loss company sells shakes, supplements, or programs through MLM recruitment, making unverified health claims while most sellers lose money on required purchases.

What to do first

Compare the cost per serving to retail meal replacements and supplements.

Targets

Women

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Fashion and clothing MLM scheme

A fashion company sells clothing through an MLM structure where sellers buy inventory upfront, face no-return policies, and earn primarily through recruiting new sellers.

What to do first

Never invest in inventory you cannot return — check the return policy before purchasing.

Targets

Women

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

MLM targeting college students

MLM companies aggressively recruit on college campuses, targeting students with promises of financial independence, flexible schedules, and entrepreneurship experience.

What to do first

Research the company name before attending any info session — search the company name plus scam or MLM.

Targets

College students

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

Legal services MLM scheme

A company sells prepaid legal service plans through MLM recruitment, where agents earn more from signing up new agents than from the legal plans providing value to members.

What to do first

Compare the monthly plan cost to simply paying for legal consultations as needed.

Targets

Adults

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

How to identify an MLM vs a legitimate business

A guide to the key differences between legitimate direct sales businesses and illegal pyramid schemes, including the five warning signs that an opportunity is really an MLM recruitment trap.

What to do first

Ask: Can I earn a reasonable income selling products without recruiting anyone? If the honest answer is no, it is an MLM.

Targets

Job seekers

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

MLM schemes targeting immigrant communities

MLM companies target immigrant communities through cultural trust networks, church groups, and diaspora gatherings, exploiting language barriers and the desire for financial independence.

What to do first

Research the company name in English — many MLM warning sites and FTC actions are only available in English.

Targets

Immigrants

Seen in

U.S.

Ponzi and pyramid schemes
↓ 3%

MLM recruitment after job loss

MLM recruiters target people who have recently lost their jobs, framing the opportunity as a way to replace income quickly, when most participants earn less than minimum wage.

What to do first

Remember that a legitimate employer pays you — you do not pay them to start working.

Targets

Job seekers

Seen in

U.S.

Employment fraud
↓ 8%

Fake LinkedIn recruiter crypto role scam

A recruiter claims to fill an exclusive crypto role, then pushes the candidate into downloading a wallet, trading app, or identity kit.

What to do first

Verify the recruiter from the company's actual careers page before engaging.

Targets

Tech workers

Seen in

Global

Recovery fraud
↓ 8%

NFT asset recovery service scam

A supposed blockchain investigator says lost NFTs or tokens can be restored if you sign a recovery transaction or pay an unlock fee.

What to do first

Never sign recovery transactions from unverified helpers.

Targets

NFT holders

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↓ 8%

High-yield staking dashboard scam

A platform shows steady staking or liquidity returns, but withdrawals fail once the victim adds meaningful capital.

What to do first

Try a small withdrawal early and stop at the first excuse.

Targets

Crypto holders

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↓ 8%

Token presale whitelist scam

A crypto project promises early access or whitelist allocation, but the sale page, wallet, or smart contract is controlled by attackers.

What to do first

Verify token sales from official project channels and never trust a wallet address shared in DMs.

Targets

Crypto users

Seen in

Global

Investment scams
↓ 8%

Mining hosting return scam

A mining or yield-hosting company promises passive income from managed infrastructure, but the balance and payout reports are fabricated.

What to do first

Treat mining-hosting platforms as unverified until you confirm the business, facility, and payout reality independently.

Targets

Crypto holders

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

fake cryptocurrency exchange platform scam

Scammers build professional-looking crypto exchange websites that accept deposits but prevent withdrawals, stealing users' funds and personal data.

What to do first

Only use exchanges registered with your national financial regulator — check FinCEN, FCA, or ASIC registries

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

rug pull token scam

Developers launch a new cryptocurrency token with heavy promotion, attract investor funds into the liquidity pool, then drain all liquidity and disappear with investors' money.

What to do first

Check if liquidity is locked using tools like Team Finance or Unicrypt before investing in any new token

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

crypto wallet drainer scam

Malicious smart contracts or phishing sites trick users into signing a transaction that grants the attacker unlimited permission to transfer tokens from their wallet.

What to do first

Always review transaction details carefully in your wallet before signing — revoke approvals regularly using tools like Revoke.cash

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

fake crypto airdrop scam

Scammers impersonate real crypto projects and announce fake airdrops on social media, directing users to malicious claim sites that steal wallet credentials or drain funds.

What to do first

Verify any airdrop announcement through the project's official website and verified social media channels

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

crypto pump and dump group scam

Organized groups on Telegram or Discord coordinate mass purchases to inflate a low-cap token price, then sell their pre-purchased holdings at the peak, leaving latecomers with losses.

What to do first

Recognize that pump and dump schemes are illegal market manipulation — participants can face legal consequences

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

crypto recovery service scam

Scammers target people who have already lost cryptocurrency to fraud, offering to recover the stolen funds for an upfront fee, then stealing more money from the victim.

What to do first

Understand that stolen cryptocurrency is extremely difficult to recover — anyone guaranteeing recovery is likely a scammer

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

NFT marketplace fraud scam

Scammers create fake NFT marketplaces or counterfeit NFT listings on real platforms, selling stolen art or worthless tokens to unsuspecting collectors.

What to do first

Verify NFT collection contract addresses through the official project website before purchasing

Targets

NFT collectors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

DeFi yield farming trap scam

Fraudulent DeFi protocols advertise impossibly high annual yields to attract deposits, then drain the liquidity pools or lock funds behind escalating withdrawal fees.

What to do first

Research the protocol's smart contract audit reports and team credentials before depositing any funds

Targets

DeFi users

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

fake crypto mining pool scam

Scammers create fake cloud mining or mining pool platforms that accept investments for mining hashrate but never actually mine any cryptocurrency.

What to do first

Verify any mining pool by checking public blockchain explorers for their pool address and hashrate contribution

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

Global

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

SIM swap for crypto theft scam

Scammers convince your mobile carrier to transfer your phone number to their SIM card, then use it to bypass two-factor authentication and access your cryptocurrency exchange accounts.

What to do first

Switch from SMS-based 2FA to hardware security keys or authenticator apps for all cryptocurrency exchange accounts

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Coinbase account suspended phishing scam

Phishing emails or texts claim your Coinbase account has been suspended due to suspicious activity, directing you to a fake login page that steals your credentials and two-factor codes.

What to do first

Never click links in emails or texts about account issues — log in directly at coinbase.com to check your account status.

Targets

Cryptocurrency investors

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

fake Coinbase Wallet app scam

Counterfeit Coinbase Wallet apps published on unofficial app stores or promoted through ads steal seed phrases and drain cryptocurrency holdings.

What to do first

Only download Coinbase Wallet from the official Apple App Store or Google Play Store — verify the developer is Coinbase Inc.

Targets

Cryptocurrency investors

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Coinbase Earn impersonator scam

Fake websites and social media posts imitate the Coinbase Earn program, promising free cryptocurrency for completing tasks, but steal credentials or require an upfront deposit that is never returned.

What to do first

Access Coinbase Earn only through the official Coinbase app or website — the real program never requires a deposit.

Targets

New crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Coinbase withdrawal verification phishing scam

Fake emails alert users to a large withdrawal from their Coinbase account and prompt them to 'cancel' the transaction through a phishing link that captures their credentials.

What to do first

Check your account directly at coinbase.com — if there is no pending withdrawal, the email is fake.

Targets

Cryptocurrency investors

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

fake Coinbase Pro upgrade scam

Scammers promote a fraudulent 'Coinbase Pro upgrade' through emails or ads, tricking users into transferring cryptocurrency to a fake platform where funds are stolen.

What to do first

Coinbase merged Coinbase Pro into its main platform as Advanced Trade — there is no separate upgrade process requiring fund transfers.

Targets

Active traders

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Coinbase seed phrase harvest scam

Scammers pose as Coinbase staff and convince users to reveal their wallet seed phrases through fake security procedures, gaining full access to all cryptocurrency in the wallet.

What to do first

No legitimate company, including Coinbase, will ever ask for your seed phrase — this is the single most important rule in crypto security.

Targets

New crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Coinbase card skimming scam

Fake Coinbase Card management portals capture debit card details, enabling unauthorized transactions and ATM withdrawals linked to victims' crypto balances.

What to do first

Manage your Coinbase Card only through the official Coinbase app — never through links in emails or messages.

Targets

Coinbase Card users

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Coinbase fake listing alert scam

Scammers announce fake cryptocurrency listings on Coinbase to pump worthless tokens, then dump them after victims buy in based on the false news.

What to do first

Check official Coinbase channels — blog.coinbase.com and the official Coinbase Twitter/X account — for legitimate listing announcements.

Targets

Cryptocurrency investors

Seen in

U.S.

Cryptocurrency scams
↓ 8%

Robinhood crypto wallet phishing scam

A phishing campaign targets Robinhood crypto wallet users with fake wallet verification or transfer confirmation emails, capturing login credentials and wallet keys.

What to do first

Robinhood will never ask for your wallet seed phrase or private keys — this is always a scam.

Targets

Crypto investors

Seen in

U.S.

Government impersonation
↓ 16%

Tax warrant crypto payment scam

A caller says a tax warrant or filing violation will trigger arrest unless the victim pays immediately in crypto or gift cards.

What to do first

End the call and contact the tax authority from its official website or mailed notice.

Targets

Households

Seen in

U.S.

Fake airdrop scams
↓ 27%

wallet connect phishing airdrop scam

Scammers create fake airdrop claim sites that prompt users to connect their crypto wallet, then use malicious smart contract approvals to drain all tokens from the wallet.

What to do first

Never connect your wallet to unknown websites and verify any airdrop through the project official channels

Targets

Crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Fake airdrop scams
↓ 27%

social media airdrop link scam

Fake airdrop announcements on Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok use engagement bait to drive clicks to phishing sites that steal wallet credentials or personal data.

What to do first

Verify any airdrop by checking the project official website and verified social media accounts

Targets

Crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Fake airdrop scams
↓ 27%

Discord airdrop bot scam

Malicious bots in crypto Discord servers send automated DMs about fake airdrops, directing users to phishing sites that steal wallet credentials or drain connected wallets.

What to do first

Disable DMs from server members in your Discord privacy settings for crypto-related servers

Targets

Crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Fake airdrop scams
↓ 27%

airdrop verification phishing scam

Fake airdrops require identity verification that collects personal documents and selfies, enabling identity theft or KYC bypass on crypto exchanges using the victim credentials.

What to do first

Never upload identity documents to claim a free airdrop, as legitimate airdrops rarely require KYC

Targets

Crypto users

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

wrong number text pig butchering scam

A seemingly accidental text message from a stranger initiates a friendly conversation that gradually builds into a romantic or financial relationship, ultimately steering the victim toward a fake investment platform.

What to do first

Do not engage with wrong number texts from strangers — block the number immediately.

Targets

Lonely individuals

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

LinkedIn professional connection pig butchering scam

Scammers create polished LinkedIn profiles impersonating professionals and connect with targets, using business credibility to build trust before steering them into fraudulent investment schemes.

What to do first

Verify LinkedIn connections by checking their employment history with the actual companies listed.

Targets

Professionals

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

Instagram lifestyle pig butchering scam

Scammers curate glamorous Instagram profiles showcasing luxury lifestyles funded by alleged investments, then DM targets to build relationships and funnel them into fake crypto or forex platforms.

What to do first

Be suspicious of strangers on Instagram who DM you about investment opportunities, regardless of how glamorous their profile appears.

Targets

Young adults

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

WhatsApp group investment pig butchering scam

Victims are added to WhatsApp groups posing as exclusive investment communities where fake members share fabricated profit screenshots, pressuring newcomers to invest in fraudulent platforms.

What to do first

Leave immediately if you are added to a WhatsApp investment group without your consent.

Targets

Aspiring investors

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

crypto trading mentorship pig butchering scam

Scammers pose as successful crypto traders offering mentorship, guiding victims through increasingly larger trades on a fake exchange until their funds are locked and unrecoverable.

What to do first

Verify any crypto exchange on CoinMarketCap, CoinGecko, or check if it is registered with FinCEN.

Targets

Crypto beginners

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

forex profit sharing pig butchering scam

Scammers recruit victims into fake forex trading partnerships where the scammer claims to manage trades and share profits, using a fraudulent platform to show fabricated gains before stealing deposits.

What to do first

Verify any forex platform's regulatory status with the NFA at nfa.futures.org or the FCA at register.fca.org.uk.

Targets

Aspiring traders

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

gold trading platform pig butchering scam

Scammers lure victims into investing in gold through fraudulent online trading platforms, using fake market data and fabricated profits to extract increasingly large deposits before disappearing.

What to do first

Invest in gold only through established and regulated dealers listed on the CFTC or your country's financial regulator.

Targets

Retirees

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

real estate crowdfunding pig butchering scam

Scammers create fake real estate crowdfunding platforms with fabricated property portfolios, building trust through small dividend payments before locking out investors and stealing their capital.

What to do first

Verify any crowdfunding platform's SEC registration at sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar.

Targets

Real estate enthusiasts

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

sports betting system pig butchering scam

Scammers pose as sports betting experts with guaranteed winning systems, guiding victims to deposit money on fraudulent betting platforms that manipulate odds and block withdrawals.

What to do first

Only bet through licensed and regulated sportsbooks in your jurisdiction.

Targets

Sports fans

Seen in

U.S.

Pig butchering scams
↓ 6%

online gaming marketplace pig butchering scam

Scammers target gamers through fake in-game item marketplaces or gaming investment platforms, building relationships through shared gaming interests before redirecting them to fraudulent financial platforms.

What to do first

Keep gaming friendships and financial decisions completely separate.

Targets

Gamers

Seen in

U.S.

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